Negligible impact of deer-induced habitat degradation on the genetic diversity of extant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bombus diversus</Emphasis> populations in comparison with museum specimens |
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Authors: | Inoue Mizuki Michimasa Yamasaki Takehiko Kakutani Yuji Isagi |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Forest Science, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 010-0195, Japan;(2) Laboratory of Forest Biology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan;(3) The Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan |
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Abstract: | The genetic diversity of bumblebees can be adversely affected by habitat degradation. An overabundance of deer has altered
the composition and diversity of herbaceous plants in many places of the world, resulting in decreases of herbaceous flowers.
Populations of Bombus diversus may be strongly affected by this degradation of habitat in the Ashiu primary beech forest in Kyoto, Japan. To estimate the
effects of deer browsing on B. diversus populations, we analyzed and compared the genetic diversity of the extant population in Ashiu to museum specimens collected
prior to heavy deer browsing in Ashiu (1980s) and the extant population in Hyonosen primary beech forest in Tottori, Japan,
which has not been as severely degraded by deer. We successfully amplified DNA from ~20-year-old museum specimens and determined
the genetic diversity of B. diversus in Ashiu populations from the 1980s. Results were analyzed for indications of a bottleneck as well as estimates of N
e, allelic richness, rare allelic richness, expected heterozygosity, and the effective number of alleles. Our findings did
not reveal clear evidence of degradation in genetic diversity of the extant Ashiu population compared to the museum specimens
or to the Hyonosen population. Thus, the Ashiu population of B. diversus appears to have maintained a level of genetic diversity during 20 years irrespective of habitat degradation and the levels
have been similar to that of the Hyonosen population. |
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