HPM长期辐照的眼生物效应研究

目的：研究高功率微波（HPM）在不同平均功率和不同重复频率条件下长期多次照射对眼组织结构的生物效应，为我国HPM安全防护提供生物学依据。方法：采用自行研制的HPM效应模拟源远场平面波（峰值功率密度50W／cm^2）分3个不同平均功率水平，每天6min持续照射1个月，并在照后5个时间点通过眼底镜、裂隙灯观察、组织病理学方法等研究HPM长期照射对动物眼重要部位结构的生物效应。结果：HPM照射后眼角膜、晶状体、眼底等组织结构都出现了不同程度的病理变化，并呈现出一定的时效和量效关系；其中角膜病变依剂量不同可分别于照后2月到照后6月恢复正常，而晶状体病变在观察期内（照后6月）仍未见恢复，照射后动物眼底动静脉和毛细血管稍有扩张充血，但未见瘢痕、裂隙、出血等表现。结论：实验所用剂量范围内的HPM重复照射可以对动物角膜、晶状体、玻璃体等部位造成一定程度的生物效应，并呈现出一定的量效关系；在实验的观察期内，角膜和眼底依照射剂量不同可分别于照后不同期间恢复正常，但晶状体混浊在观察期末仍未见恢复，能否发展成微波白内障尚需观察。

Research on the Effects of Long-term High-power Microwave Irradiation on Rat Eyes

Objective： To study the long-term bioeffects of repeated irradiation of high power microwave （ HPM ） on established animal model eyes. Methods： Three different average powers of the same peak value power were used. After the continuing HMP exposure for one month, examination were carried out at 5 time points to study the effects of HPM on structure of ocular organs. Results： After HPM exposure, it is observed of corneal surface lesions, opacities in posterior cortical lens and congestive changes of slight degrees in eyeground. The lesions of cornea and eyeground can recover to a certian extent in different period according to the average powers of HPM, however, the lens injury show no restorable changes in the observed period. Conclusion： Long-tern1 HPM exposure of 50 W/cm^2 peak value power density at repeated irradiation could cause restorable changes in the structure of rat ocular system including cornea and eyeground. And the restoration time depends on the average power level to a certain extent. However, the lens show some no-revers-ible structural changes in the observed period. But it is not certain that the lens injury can evolve to microwave cataract.