Short latency vestibular evoked potentials (VsEPs) to linear acceleration impulses in rats |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physiology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, P.O.B. 12272, Jerusalem, 91120 Israel;2. Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel;3. Department of Medical Engineering, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel;1. Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA;2. Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA;3. Department of Anesthesiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA;4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA;1. Adjunct Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco, Tabatinga, Brazil;2. PhD Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco, Tabatinga, Brazil;3. Adjunct Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco, Tabatinga, Brazil;4. Nutritionist and Professor, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;5. Coordinator of Masters and PhD Programs, Departments of Maxillofacial Surgery and Trauma, University of Pernambuco, Tabatinga; and Staff, Service of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital da Restauração, Recife, Brazil;2. Departments of Genetics University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA;4. Department of Medicine University of Washington, Seattle, WA;1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Center “Sisters of Mercy”, Vinogradska cesta 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;2. Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 3b, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;1. Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia;2. Department of Otology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia;3. Vestibular Research Laboratory, The University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia |
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| Abstract: | In this study, short latency (t<12.7 ms) vestibular evoked potentials (VsEPs) in response to linear acceleration impulses were recorded in 37 rats. A new technique (based on a solenoid) was used for generating linear force impulses that were delivered to the animal's head. The impulse had a maximal peak acceleration of 12 g. During the impulse, the displacement was 50 μm (at 4 g) and the rise time was 1.0 ms. A stimulation rate of 2/s was usually used. The VsEPs (averaged responses to 128 stimulations, digital filter: 300–1500 Hz) were recorded with electrodes on pinna and vertex, and were composed of 4–6 clear waves with mean amplitudes (for a 4 g stimulus) of 1–5 μV. The VsEPs were resistant to white noise masking, and were significantly suppressed (P<0.05) following bilateral application of a saturated KCl solution to the inner ear, showing that contributions of the auditory and somatosensory systems are negligible. The latency of the response decreased as a power law function of stimulus magnitude, and the amplitude of the first wave increased as a sigmoid function of stimulus magnitude. VsEP responses were still present at the lowest intensities attainable (0.06–0.4 g) and reached saturation at 9 g. The amplitude of the later components was reduced when stimulus rate was elevated to 20/s. These results suggest that VsEPs in response to linear accelerations are similar in their nature to VsEPs in response to angular acceleration impulses that were previously recorded. These VsEPs to linear accelerations are most likely initiated in the otolith organs. |
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