S-METHYLTHIO-CYSTEINE AND CYSTAMINE ARE POTENT STIMULATORS OF THIOL PRODUCTION AND GLUTATHIONE SYNTHESIS |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples «Federico II», Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy;2. Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno, 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy;3. Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy;1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Forestry Food Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China;2. China Great Wall Wine Co., Ltd, Shacheng Town, Huailai County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province 075400, PR China;1. Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno, 6 - 56125, Pisa, Italy;2. Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II, via Montesano, 49 - 80131, Naples, Italy;1. Château Mercian, Mercian Corporation, 1425-1 Shimoiwasaki, Katsunuma, Koshu, Yamanashi 409-1313, Japan;2. Research Laboratories for Wine Technologies, Kirin Company, Limited, 4-9-1 Jonan, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-0057, Japan;1. Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, United States;2. South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, United States |
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| Abstract: | The effects of methylthio-cysteine disulfide (MT-Cy) and cystamine (CAM) on the thiol production and glutathione content of a human T cell line (CEM-SS) have been investigated. MT-Cy per se and CAM in the presence of cystine greatly enhanced thiol production and glutathione content of cells while cystine alone exerted no or slight influence in the first hours. The MT-Cy- or CAM-induced extracellular SH-generation was observed both in a complete nutrient medium and even more in SH-free D-PBS. The acid-soluble thiol level and glutathione content of cells elevated markedly (up to 5–6 fold in two hours) when incubating cells in complete medium. Inhibition of glutathione synthesis by DL-buthionine (S,R)-sulfoximine did not alter the MT-Cy- or CAM-induced extracellular thiol production indicating that glutathione synthesis is not involved in this effect. The results suggest that MT-Cy easily enters the cells thus accelerating the thiol cycle in SH-poor medium while CAM promotes cystine uptake into the cells. Phenylalanine and leucine inhibited both MT-Cy- and CAM-dependent thiol production in D-PBS most effectively suggesting the involvement of the L membrane transport system in these effects. © 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. |
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