Breeding birds from reedbeds to alpine meadows |
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Authors: | Catsadorakis G |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Hydrology, Free University Brussels, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium |
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Abstract: | The main processes that determine the behaviour ofheavy metals in the Scheldt estuary are tidalhydrodynamics, sediment transport,
and sorption ofheavy metals on suspended matter. The water qualitymodel WASP is applied to simulate the spatialdistribution
of five heavy metals in the estuary,under average hydrodynamic and suspended sedimenttransport regimes. First, the hydrodynamical
part ofthe model is constructed and the results are verifiedby comparison with measured water levels and flowvelocities. Secondly,
a salt transport model is set upin order to evaluate the hydrodynamical dispersivemixing characteristics. Thirdly, a suspended
sedimenttransport model is constructed and finally a transportmodel for heavy metals.
The simulated distributions of the sorbedamounts of heavy metals, suspended sediment andsalinity in the estuary agree well
with observations.The calculated profiles of dissolved and sorbedconcentrations of heavy metals in the water columnindicate
an accumulation of heavy metals in the zoneof the turbidity maximum, while closer to the sea theconcentrations diminish due
to mixing of the pollutedfluvial sediments with unpolluted marine sediments andbecause of sediment deposition in the estuary.
It canbe concluded that only a small part of the heavymetals reaches the sea.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | alpine birds bird – habitat relationships farmland birds Greece passerines Prespa reedbed birds woodland birds |
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