The mechanism by which 2-deoxyglucose inhibits glucose-induced activation of Pilobolus longipes spores |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Ciudad de México 14080. México;2. Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, México;3. Division of Plant Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;1. Forensic & Genetics Laboratory, Veterinary Services Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, P.O. Box 40241, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya;2. Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, 20115 Egerton, Kenya;3. Ecological Monitoring Section, Biodiversity Research and Monitoring Division, Kenya Wildlife Service, P.O. Box 40241, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya;4. Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya;5. Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain;6. CIBIO/InBIO (Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos), Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrario De Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal;7. National Institute of Ecology, 1210, Geumgang-ro, Maseo-myeon, Seocheon-gun, Chungcheongnam-do 33657, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Sporangiospores of Pilobolus longipes were activated by either glucose, 6-deoxyglucose, or derivatives of cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP content increased after the addition of either glucose or 6-deoxyglucose and the increase preceded spore activation, indicating that glucose triggers germination via cyclic AMP. Activation, whether induced by glucose, 6-deoxyglucose, or cyclic nucleotides was inhibited by 2-deoxyglucose. However, cyclic AMP levels also increased after the addition of 2-deoxyglucose. Radioactive 2-deoxyglucose was recovered from spores mainly as 2-deoxyglucose 6-phosphate, suggesting that phosphorylation of 2-deoxyglucose may inhibit spore activation by trapping ATP. Support for the hypothesis came from ATP assays which showed that 2-deoxyglucose reduced intracellular ATP to undetectable levels. Moreover, when ATP levels were restored with exogenous fructose, 2-deoxyglucose was no longer inhibitory but was then an effective germination trigger. |
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