人工引入传粉者对油茶丰产的意义及潜在的生物安全

动物传粉在全球生态系统中提供重要服务，全球农业生产对动物传粉服务的需求稳定增长。油茶是我国特有的重要木本油料植物，栽培历史悠久，由于严格自交不亲和而高度依赖动物传粉。基于我国油茶产业发展的新形势，从资源分配和花粉限制等生态因素系统分析了油茶产量受限制的原因，提出油茶的传粉者限制效果等同于花粉限制效果，人工引入潜在的高效传粉者是解除油茶资源限制措施和传粉生态限制措施之间冲突、提高油茶产量的有效途径。论述了人工引入传粉者传粉服务的优势和挑战。对人工引入传粉者，特别是外来传粉者所面临的潜在风险和控制途径进行了梳理，提出从传粉生态服务解决油茶产量和质量问题的新思路。全文旨在为人工引入传粉者在油茶丰产中的作用提供理论与科学依据，以期促进油茶产业健康有序发展。

The significance of artificial introduction of pollinators for improving the yield of Camellia oleifera and the potential biosafety issues

Animal pollination, as an important part in ecosystems, has come to flourish in global agricultural production. Camellia oleifera, a unique and important woody oil plant with a long history of cultivation in China, is strictly self-incompatible and highly dependent on animal pollination. Based on the new situation of Camellia oleifera industry in China, we firstly analyzed the factors that limited C. oleifera yield, including resources allocation and pollen limitation. We suggested that the effect of pollinator deficiency was equivalent to the effect of pollen limitation and the introduction of potential efficient pollinators was the optimal strategy to resolve the conflict between resources restriction and pollinators deficiency and increase the yield of C. oleifera. Secondly, we discussed the advantages and challenges of artificially introducing pollinators. Finally, we summarized the potential risks and control approaches of artificially introduced non-native pollinators, and proposed new ideas to solve the yield and quality problems of C. oleifera. This paper aims to provide theoretical and scientific basis for the role of artificially introduced pollinators in the high yield of C. oleifera, to promote the development of C. oleifera industry.