黄土高原神府资源开采区生态环境质量时空格局特征

煤炭的开采促进了地区经济发展，同时也影响了当地的生态环境。因资源开采区在监测研究中常忽视了生态环境质量的长时间影响和时空变化。以神府开采区为例，基于Landsat系列遥感数据，使用遥感生态指数、Mann-Kendall检验法、R/S分析法等，对该区2000—2020年间生态环境质量时空格局特征进行时间序列分析和空间格局特征研究。结果表明：研究区域20年的RSEI均值为0.469,生态环境质量多年平均属于中等等级。2000—2020年间神府矿区生态环境质量总体上看有所改善，20年前后波动变化维持在0.523;同时建设用地也不断增加，从107.09km²增加至273.53km²。变化趋势上生态环境质量趋势变优、不显著和变差的面积比例分别约为56.1%、16.3%和27.6%。研究区生态环境可持续性整体上不强，大量区域显示反持续性特征。资源开采活动引发的地质环境问题致使生态环境退化，表现为直接影响区生态环境质量低于间接影响区，平均低2.68%。研究揭示了矿区长时间序列的变化状况与未来变化趋势及可持续性特征，探讨工矿业对生态环境质量的影响，为神府矿区...

Temporal and spatial pattern characteristics of ecological environmental quality in Shenfu mining area of Loess Plateau

Coal mining not only promotes regional economic development, but also affects the local ecological environment. The long-term influence and spatiotemporal variation of ecological environment quality were often ignored in the previous research about resource mining area. Based on Landsat remote sensing data, remote sensing ecological index, Mann-Kendall test and R/S analysis were used to analyze the temporal and spatial pattern characteristics of ecological environment quality in Shenfu mining area from 2000 to 2020. The results show that the average value Remote Sensing Ecological Index of in the study area was 0.469 in the past 20 years. Besides, the average ecological environment quality of whole study area was in the medium grade. From 2000 to 2020, the ecological environment quality of Shenfu mining area has been improved, and the fluctuation of the eco-environmental quality has remained at 0.523 during two decades. Meanwhile, area of construction land increased from 107.09 km² to 273.53 km². The proportion of the area where the trend of ecological quality became better, insignificant and worse were about 56.1%, 16.3% and 27.6%, respectively. Overall the future persistence of ecological and environmental is low, and numerous areas showed anti-persistence characteristics. The geological environment problems caused by the resource exploitation activities led to ecological environment degradation, which showed that the value of RSEI in the directly affected area is about 2.68% lower than that in the indirectly affected area. The study revealed the long-term change status, future change trend and sustainable characteristics in Shenfu mining area. Besides, based on the discussion about impact of industry and mining on the ecological environment quality, it can provide a scientific and reasonable basis for the ecological environment evaluation and management of Shenfu mining area.