旅游发展对城市生态文明建设的影响及空间溢出效应——基于我国284个地级及以上城市的实证研究

生态文明建设是实现“美丽中国”的必由之路,旅游因其“绿色”属性与之联系十分密切,论证旅游发展能否促进生态文明建设并探究其空间溢出特征具有重要意义。在构建旅游发展对城市生态文明建设影响及空间溢出效应理论框架的基础上,通过熵权TOPSIS法对全国284个地级及以上城市2004—2019年生态文明建设水平(ECC)进行测度,使用空间杜宾模型揭示旅游发展对城市生态文明建设的影响及空间溢出效应。结果表明：(1)各城市ECC均取得不同程度提升,相对高值区集中于长江和黄河经济带下游沿线,低值区多分布在中西部地区;区域尺度下,各地区ECC长期呈“东—中—西”递减格局,内部发展差异性与其存在明显空间错位。(2)旅游发展能够显著促进“本地”和“邻地”城市生态文明建设,具体表现为“三轮驱动”下的水平提升,其对城市经济系统的驱动力显著大于生态和社会系统。(3)东、中、西部地区旅游发展对城市生态文明建设的影响和空间溢出效应均得到释放,空间异质性下二者作用强度与城市ECC基本“区域重叠”。(4)政策制定上,一方面在长期落实旅游业“生态优先”原则的基础上,加快旅游数字化建设和文旅融合步伐,充分释放其对生态文明建设的...

Impact of tourism development on the construction of urban ecological civilization and its spatial spillover effect: An empirical study on 284 prefecture level and above cities in China

Construction of ecological civilization is one way to realize "beautiful China". Tourism is closely related to it because of its green attribute. It is of great significance to demonstrate whether tourism development can promote the construction of ecological civilization and explore its spatial spillover characteristics. This paper built a theoretical framework of the impact of tourism development on urban ecological civilization construction and spatial spillover effects. The ecological civilization construction level (ECC) of 284 prefecture level and above cities in China from 2004 to 2019 was measured by entropy weight TOPSIS method; The spatial Doberman model is used to reveal the impact of tourism development on the construction of urban ecological civilization and spatial spillover effect. The results show that:(1) the ECC of each city has improved to varying degrees, the relatively high value areas were concentrated along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River economic belt, and the low value areas were mostly distributed in the central and western regions; On the regional scale, ECC in each region has been in a decreasing pattern of east-middle-west for a long time, and there is an obviously spatial dislocation between the internal differences of regional ECC and the development level of ECC among various regions. (2)Tourism development can significantly promote the construction of ecological civilization in local and adjacent cities, which is embodied in the improvement of the level under the "three wheel drive", and its driving force on the urban economic system is significantly greater than that of the ecological and social system. (3) The impact of tourism development on urban ecological civilization construction and spatial spillover effect in the east, middle and west regions have been released. Under the spatial heterogeneity, the intensity of the two effects basically overlaps with the urban ECC. (4) In terms of policy development, In order to bring into play the industrial externalities of tourism for the construction of ecological civilization, local governments should actively promote the digitalization of tourism and the integration of tourism and cultural industries, based on the principle of "ecological priority" in the long term; on the other hand, Chinese Government need to strengthen the transfer of special funds for tourism and establish a mechanism to support tourism between the eastern and western cities in order to achieve the development of tourism in the western region.