MripacC regulates blastosphere budding and influences virulence of the pathogenic fungus Metarhizium rileyi |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China;2. Instituty of Tobacco Scientific and Technology of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China;1. Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (FIOCRUZ), Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP:50.740-465, Brazil;2. Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP:50.740-465, Brazil;3. Post-Graduation Program in Tropical Medicine (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP: 50670-901, Brazil;4. Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), University of Pernambuco, Rua Arnóbio Marques, 310 - Santo Amaro, Recife, PE, CEP 50.100-130, Brazil;1. Microbiology & Fermentation Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570020, India;2. AcSIR-Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, UP, 201002, India;1. Biotechnology Research Center, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People’s Republic of China;2. Biochemical Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 50025, People’s Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | Fungal dimorphism is the ability of certain fungi to switch between two different cellular forms, yeast and mycelial forms, in response to external environmental factors. The pacC/Pal signal transduction pathway responds to neutral and alkaline environments and is also involved in the fungal dimorphic transition. In this study, we investigated the function of the pacC homolog, MripacC, which regulates the dimorphic transition and modulates virulence of the insect pathogenic fungus Metarhizium rileyi. MripacC expression was upregulated under alkaline condition, with increased number of yeast-like cells compared to the number of hyphae cells. A MripacC deletion mutant (ΔMripacC) was obtained by homologous replacement and exhibited decreased blastospore budding, with direct development of conidia into hyphae without entering the yeast-like stage when cultured on alkaline medium. Observation of host hemolymph morphology and analysis of samples to detect the main immune factors revealed a decreased ability of ΔMripacC to evade the host immune system. The results of insect bioassays showed that ΔMripacC had decreased virulence with extended median lethality time. Together, the results suggested that MripacC not only regulated adaptation to acidic and alkaline environments, but also influenced virulence by budding blastospores. This elucidation of the function of MripacC adds to our understanding of blastospore budding and virulence of this fungal pathogen. |
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| Keywords: | Blastospore budding pH regulation Virulence |
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