Excretory/secretory products from plerocercoids of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei suppress interleukin-1beta gene expression in murine macrophages |
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Authors: | Dirgahayu Paramasari Fukumoto Soji Tademoto Sayuri Kina Yuriko Hirai Kazumitsu |
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Affiliation: | Division of Molecular Medical Zoology, Department of Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8503, Japan. |
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Abstract: | The present study shows that ES products from plerocercoids of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei suppressed interleukin-1beta mRNA expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages in the absence or presence of a cyclic AMP analogue, dibutyryl cyclic AMP. Investigation using the inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways revealed that extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways are crucial for full induction of interleukin-1beta mRNA expression. ES products additionally suppressed interleukin-1beta mRNA expression in the cells treated with p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor (SB203580) or extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 inhibitor (PD98059). Western blot analysis showed that dibutyryl cyclic AMP enhanced lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) and, in turn, we demonstrated that ES products reduced the lipopolysaccharide and dibutyryl cyclic AMP-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, but not cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein. These data demonstrate that ES products from the plerocercoids of S. erinaceieuropaei may evade induction of interleukin-1beta mRNA by inhibiting extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in lipopolysaccharide and/or dibutyryl cyclic AMP-stimulated macrophages. |
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Keywords: | Spirometra erinaceieuropaei Interleukin-1β Macrophages Lipopolysaccharide Mitogen-activated protein kinase Immune evasion |
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