Comparative response of maize and rice genotypes to heat stress: status of oxidative stress and antioxidants |
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Authors: | Sanjeev Kumar Deepti Gupta Harsh Nayyar |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160-014, India; |
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Abstract: | In the present study, two genotypes each of maize and rice were compared for their response to varying degrees of temperature
stress (35/30, 40/35, 45/40°C) with controls growing at 30/25°C. At elevated temperatures of 40/35 and 45/40°C, the rice genotypes
were inhibited to a significantly higher extent, especially for their shoot growth compared to maize genotypes. The stress
injury measured as damage to membranes, loss of chlorophyll and reduction in leaf water status was significantly higher in
rice plants, especially at 45/40°C. The components of oxidative stress particularly the level of malondialdehyde was significantly
greater in rice plants while the differences for hydrogen peroxide concentrations were small at 40/35 and 45/40°C. The expression
of enzymatic antioxidants like catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase was found to be higher in maize plants
compared to rice plants while no variations existed for superoxide dismutase at 45/40°C. In addition, the non-enzymatic antioxidants
like ascorbic acid, glutathione and proline were maintained at significantly greater levels at 45/40°C in maize than in rice
genotypes. These findings suggested that maize genotypes were able to retain their growth under high-temperature conditions
partly due to their superior ability to cope up with oxidative damage by heat stress compared to rice genotypes. Since, maize
and rice belong to C4 and C3 plant groups, respectively, these observations may also reflect the relative sensitivity of these plant groups to heat stress. |
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