Breeding of four-leaf white clover (Trifolium repens L.) through 60Co gamma-ray irradiation |
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Authors: | In-Ja Song Hong-Gyu Kang Ji-Yeon Kang Hae-Deun Kim Tae-Woong Bae Si-Young Kang Pyung-Ok Lim Taiji Adachi Hyo-Yeon Lee |
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Affiliation: | (1) Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Cheju National University, Jeju, 690-756, South Korea;(2) Faculty of Biotechnology, Cheju National University, Jeju, 690-756, South Korea;(3) Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 580-185, South Korea;(4) Department of Science Education, Cheju National University, Jeju, 690-756, South Korea;(5) Institute for Plant Breeding R & D, Ltd., 1-46-901, Hama 5-Chome, Tsurumi-Ku, Osaka 538-0035, Japan |
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Abstract: | Four-leaf white clover is not found easily in nature due to its low appearance rate (1 in 10,000). Because people believe that it brings good luck and like to either keep it or present it to a loved one, it has commercial and ornamental value. To breed four-leaf clover, we exposed its flowers to γ-rays at the pollination stage. The M1 seeds produced following doses at 25–100 Gy showed an approximately 74% germination rate, with seedling survival at 46%. In the M1 generation of plants irradiated within that dose range, we found an increased frequency of four leaflets. One of them, Jeju Lucky-1 (JL-1), had a frequency of about 60%. To see whether that mutation was somaclonal or genetic, we observed its M2 generation and found that such a phenotype reappeared. Although our results demonstrated that the irradiation of fully mature flowers led to a higher frequency of 4-leaflets, we could not clearly explain the genetic mechanism involved. We suggest that JL-1 is valuable as a new variety, without further genetic fixation, because white clover can be propagated vegetatively by stolons. I.-J. Song and H.-G. Kang contributed equally to this work. |
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Keywords: | Four-leaf white clover Gamma (γ )-ray Mutation Stolon |
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