Type I IFN signaling is crucial for host resistance against different species of pathogenic bacteria |
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Authors: | Mancuso Giuseppe Midiri Angelina Biondo Carmelo Beninati Concetta Zummo Sebastiana Galbo Roberta Tomasello Francesco Gambuzza Maria Macrì Giancarlo Ruggeri Alessia Leanderson Tomas Teti Giuseppe |
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Institution: | Dipartimento di Patologia e Microbiologia Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy. |
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Abstract: | It is known that host cells can produce type I IFNs (IFN-alphabeta) after exposure to conserved bacterial products, but the functional consequences of such responses on the outcome of bacterial infections are incompletely understood. We show in this study that IFN-alphabeta signaling is crucial for host defenses against different bacteria, including group B streptococci (GBS), pneumococci, and Escherichia coli. In response to GBS challenge, most mice lacking either the IFN-alphabetaR or IFN-beta died from unrestrained bacteremia, whereas all wild-type controls survived. The effect of IFN-alphabetaR deficiency was marked, with mortality surpassing that seen in IFN-gammaR-deficient mice. Animals lacking both IFN-alphabetaR and IFN-gammaR displayed additive lethality, suggesting that the two IFN types have complementary and nonredundant roles in host defenses. Increased production of IFN-alphabeta was detected in macrophages after exposure to GBS. Moreover, in the absence of IFN-alphabeta signaling, a marked reduction in macrophage production of IFN-gamma, NO, and TNF-alpha was observed after stimulation with live bacteria or with purified LPS. Collectively, our data document a novel, fundamental function of IFN-alphabeta in boosting macrophage responses and host resistance against bacterial pathogens. These data may be useful to devise alternative strategies to treat bacterial infections. |
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