Fusarium mirum sp. nov,intertwining Fusarium madaense and Fusarium andiyazi,pathogens of tropical grasses |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, 37200-900, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;3. Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal Do Piauí, Teresina, 64049-550, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil;4. Sererre Agriculture and Animal Production Research Institute, NARO, Soroti, Uganda;5. USDA-APHIS-PPQ S&T, BARC-East, Bldg. 580 Powder Mill Road, Laurel, MD, 20708, USA;6. Department of Plant Pathology, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, 66506-5502, Manhattan, Kansas, USA;7. Australian Institute of Botanical Science, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia;1. Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa;2. Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa;3. Room 3048, JS Marais Building, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa;1. National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China;2. South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510650, China;1. Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530007, China;2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530007, China;3. Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530007, China;1. Center for Integrated Fungal Research, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;2. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research System, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA;1. University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, PO Box 110680, Gainesville, FL, 32611-0180, United States;1. Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários 1540, CEP 80035-050, Curitiba, PR, Brazil;2. Department of Plant Pathology, University of California – Davis/Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 9240 S. Riverbend Ave., Parlier, CA, 93648, USA |
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| Abstract: | Many species in the Fusarium fujikuroi Species Complex (FFSC) have an affinity for grass species, with whom they live in an endophytic association or cause disease. We recovered isolates of Fusarium from agriculturally important grasses in Africa and Brazil, and characterized them with morphological markers, mating type, and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs). We also conducted multi-locus phylogenetic analyses based on partial DNA sequences of translation elongation factor-1α (TEF1), β-tubulin (TUB), and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase (RPB2) gene regions. Sexual cross fertility was used to test the biological species concept and the sexual stage of F. madaense is described. A novel species within the FFSC, Fusarium mirum, that is different from the other known species in the complex, was formally described. Fusarium mirum, F. madaense, and Fusarium andiyazi are a tightly intertwined species trio that are morphologically identical, but phylogenetically distinguishable, and amongst whom interspecific genetic exchange may still occur. These three species are so close that they cannot be reliably distinguished if only sequences of the TEF1 gene are used. In pathogenicity tests, all tested isolates of F. madaense from sugarcane, sorghum, maize, millet and Brachiaria could induce stalk rot in sorghum, maize and millet, and pokkah boeng in sugarcane. This study increases our understanding of the diversity of species within the FFSC that cause disease in tropical grasses or act as endophytes, and their geographic distributions. The genetically close relationship between F. mirum, F. madaense, and F. andiyazi provides an opportunity to study and identify factors underlying their limited inter-specific cross-fertility and sympatric speciation. |
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| Keywords: | 1 new taxon Inter-species hybrids Sympatric speciation |
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