Colletotrichum species associated with sugarcane red rot in Brazil |
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| Institution: | 1. Campus de Engenharias e Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Br 104, km 85 Norte, Rio Largo, AL, 57100-000, Brazil;2. Instituto Federal de Alagoas, Campus Piranhas, Av. Sergipe, 1477, Piranhas, AL, 57460-000, Brazil;1. Health Sciences, Infectology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270901, Brazil;2. Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, USA;3. Biomedical Laboratory Diagnostics, USA;4. Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Microbiology Laboratory, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641014, India;5. Department of Statistics and Probability, USA;6. Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI, 48824, USA;1. UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France;2. Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru;3. Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique UMR 5174, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, France;4. Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, Dirección de Recursos Genéticos y Biotecnología, Avenida La Molina 1981, La Molina, Lima, 15024, Peru;1. Section for Plant and Soil Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;2. Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Sweden;3. Section for Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;4. Laboratoria de Agroecología, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico |
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| Abstract: | Sugarcane is a widely cultivated crop in Brazil and in many parts of the world. However, the red rot causes huge losses due to the reduction of sucrose and deterioration of the juice. The aim of this study was to identify Colletotrichum species associated with the red rot through polyphasic approaches; which included phylogenetic, morpho-cultural analyzes and pathogenicity tests. Nine isolates from the states of Alagoas and two from São Paulo, Brazil, were preliminary analyzed with the glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase gene (GAPDH), as an initial measure for species diversity. Later on, the representative isolates of each species were sequenced with the β-tubulin (TUB2) gene, calmodulin (CAL), DNA lyase (APN2/MAT IGS) and the ITS-rDNA region. Morphocultural characterization was performed by evaluating the mycelial growth rate (MGR), colony appearance and the shape and size of 50 conidia and appressoria. For the pathogenicity test asymptomatic leaves and stalks of sugarcane were tested with and without injuries. Phylogenetic analysis associated with morphocultural characteristics and the pathogenicity test of the eleven isolates revealed three Colletotrichum species: Colletotrichum falcatum (8 isolates), Colletotrichum siamense (1 isolate) and Colletotrichum plurivorum (2 isolates) causing the red rot disease in sugar cane. All species were pathogenic in wounded leaves and stalks, being C. falcatum the one causing the largest lesions (1.12 cm) in leaves and C. plurivorum in stalks (0.67 cm). Therefore, this study confirms the association of C. falcatum as a sugarcane pathogen and records for the first time worldwide the occurrence of C. siamense and C. plurivorum associated with this host. |
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| Keywords: | Multilocus analysis Diversity Fungi Pathogenicity |
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