In vitro characterization bioassays of the nematophagous fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum: Evaluation on growth,extracellular enzymes,mycotoxins and survival in the surrounding agroecosystem of tomato |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa;2. Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa;3. Room 3048, JS Marais Building, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa;1. Section for Plant and Soil Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;2. Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Sweden;3. Section for Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;4. Laboratoria de Agroecología, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico;1. Campus de Engenharias e Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Br 104, km 85 Norte, Rio Largo, AL, 57100-000, Brazil;2. Instituto Federal de Alagoas, Campus Piranhas, Av. Sergipe, 1477, Piranhas, AL, 57460-000, Brazil;1. University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, PO Box 110680, Gainesville, FL, 32611-0180, United States |
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| Abstract: | The effects of water stress and temperature on in vitro growth and enzymatic activity of Purpureocillium lilacinum (Sordariomycetes, Hypocreales, Ophiocordycipitaceae) isolates with demonstrated capacity to control Nacobbus aberrans (Secernentea, Tylenchida, Pratylenchidae) were evaluated in this study. Also, saprophytic and endophytic colonization in tomato plants were determined. P. lilacinum was able to grow under the evaluated levels of osmotic and matric stress, but the increase in water stress caused reductions in radial growth rates. Moreover, the fungal isolates produced chitinases, proteases, and leucinostatins under inductive conditions. The nematophagous fungi were able to develop saprophytically (104 CFU g?1 of soil). Meanwhile, only P. lilacinum SR38 demonstrated endophytic capacity. The results suggest that P. lilacinum can be effectively applied as biocontrol agents of phytoparasitic nematodes in tomatoes under variable agroecological conditions. |
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| Keywords: | Plant-parasitic nematodes Biological control Ecophysiological factors Environmental factors |
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