猴头菌高产麦角甾醇液体发酵工艺优化

以菌丝体中麦角甾醇产量为考察指标,在单因素实验的基础上用响应面分析法考察碳源、氮源和无机盐3个因素对麦角甾醇发酵产量的影响,以获得猴头菌液体发酵产麦角甾醇最优工艺,建立高产、稳定的猴头菌液体发酵产麦角甾醇生产工艺。经响应面分析,各因素按照对响应值的影响顺序为：氮源>碳源>无机盐,且氮源对麦角甾醇产量的影响极显著,碳源和无机盐对麦角甾醇产量的影响不显著。猴头菌液体发酵产麦角甾醇最优工艺为：发酵培养基为酵母自溶粉18g/L、复合碳源14g/L（葡萄糖:麦芽浸粉,7.4:6.6,M/M）、无机盐3.9g/L（KH₂PO₄:K₂S₂O₈,2.6:1.3,M/M）;接种量为10%,培养时间为7d,在此条件下菌丝体生物量干重达11.24g/L,麦角甾醇的产量达69.79mg/L,比优化前分别提高了71.08%和81.56%。该发酵工艺重复性好,效率高,成本低,是一个稳定且可控的猴头菌液体发酵产麦角甾醇生产工艺技术方案;通过该发酵工艺得到的猴头菌发酵菌丝体麦角甾醇含量高,为相关功能营养食品的开发提供了优质资源。

Optimization of liquid fermentation process of ergosterol produced by Hericium erinaceus

Based on single factor experiment, the effects of carbon source, nitrogen source and inorganic salt on ergosterol fermentation yield were investigated by response surface methodology (RSM), in order to obtain the optimal technology and establish a high-yield and stable process of ergosterol production by liquid fermentation of Hericium erinaceus. Response surface analysis revealed that influencing factors based on response value varied as nitrogen source > carbon source > inorganic salt. The effect of nitrogen source on ergosterol yield was extremely significant, while carbon source and inorganic salt had no significant effect. The optimal conditions for ergosterol production by H. erinaceus were as follows: yeast autolysis powder 18g/L, compound carbon source 14g/L (glucose: malt extract powder, 7.4:6.6, M/M), inorganic salt 3.9g/L (KH₂PO₄:K₂S₂O₈, 2.6:1.3, M/M); inoculum amount was 10%, culture duration was 7 days. Under these conditions, dry weight of mycelium reached 11.24g/L and ergosterol yield reached 69.79mg/L, increased by 71.08% and 81.56% respectively as against unoptimized control. This process has advantages of good repeatability, high efficiency and low cost, being high-yielding, stable and controllable. The content of ergosterol obtained is high, and the products could provide high-quality resources for the development of related functional nutritional food.