香菇沪香F2菌株重要农艺性状在F2和F3代中的遗传规律

以香菇菌株沪香F2及其自交优良F2代菌株申香1504为实验材料,收集孢子单核体,对其交配型进行鉴定,然后通过单孢自交的方法,构建F2和F3代群体,并对孢子单核体、F2、F3代群体各阶段培养、出菇情况以及重要农艺性状进行详细统计分析,研究各性状表型分化的情况及遗传规律.结果 表明:2个亲本所获得的孢子单核体中A2...

Genetic law of important agronomic traits of Lentinula edodes in F2 and F3 generations

The Lentinula edodes strain “Huxiang F2” and its excellent selfed F2 generation strain “Shenxiang 1504” were used as experimental materials to collect spore monokaryosomes and identify their mating types. The F2 and F3 generation was constructed by the method of spore monokaryon self-mating, and detailed statistical analysis was made of spore monokaryons, F2 and F3 generation at each stage of cultivation, fruiting and important agronomic traits to study the differentiation and genetic law of each trait. The results showed that the ratio of A₂B₁ mating type of spore monokaryons obtained from the two parents was the highest. According to the number of mating types of spore monokaryons, 1 028 and 972 self-mating pairs of F2 and F3 were designed respectively. In the two populations, 15.47% and 23.56% of the paired combinations were unable to obtain binuclear strains in the pairing stage due to the tardy growth of mycelium, and the unpaired rate in F3 generation was significantly higher than that in F2 generation. During spawn reproduction, the substandard rate of binuclear strains were 7.78% in F2 and 9.57% in F3, and during bag cultivation, the substandard rate of the strains were 41.05% in F2 and 49.28% in F3. The proportion of degenerated strains in F3 generation was significantly higher than that in F2 generation, while the proportion of non-pigmented strains in F3 generation was significantly lower than that in F2 generation. During fruiting stage, respectively 3.11% and 4.32% of the strains in F2 and F3 did not bud, and 13.04% and 4.32% produced abnormal fruiting bodies while 19.5% and 8.95% produced normal fruiting bodies. The proportion producing abnormal fruiting bodies of F2 generation was significantly higher than that of F3 generation. “Huxiang F2” and “Shenxiang 1504” had 26 and 8 spore monokaryons respectively and the hybrids obtained by multiple pairings had probability of producing normal fruiting bodies over 50%. The average yield of single cultivated bag, average number of fruiting bodies per bag and average weight of single fruiting body of the two cultivated strains showed obvious differentiation. Compared with the F2 generation, the yield and number of fruiting bodies of the F3 generation showed partial deviation. The average yield of single cultivated bag of F3 was 43.84% lower than that of F2, and the average number of fruiting bodies per bag of F3 was 56.77% lower than that of F2. The overall agronomic traits of Lentinula edodes “Huxiang F2” in F3 generation was inferior to that in F2 generation. A high-yielding variety performed better than the parent was obtained in F2 generation, and a large-fruiting variety was obtained in F3 generation.