苏北黄雨的花粉学研究

1987年4月19日采自江苏北部靖江县新丰乡新西村的黄雨样品,经醋酸酐分解法处理后,显示主要由油菜花粉组成,高达69.7%,其次,为蚕豆和紫云英花粉,分别占27.1%和1.4%。这三种植物都是当地当时正在开花的农田作物。黄雨样品采集地方的附近有一养蜂场。黄雨样品与蜜蜂粪便在外部形态上没有什么区别,两者的花粉组成基本一致。由于植物的花期不同,采自新丰乡不同时期的黄雨样品则表现出完全不同的花粉组成。这些事实进一步肯定了黄雨是一种自然现象,为黄雨的蜜蜂粪便说提供了更多的依据。

PALYNOLOGICAL STUDY ON YELLOW RAIN IN NORTHERN JIANGSU PROVINCE

This paper is largely dealing with the recent on-the-spot investigation and palynological study on yellow rain in northern Jiangsu Province.Many samples of yellow rain on leaves of lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.)collected from the village of Xinxi,southwest of the township of Xinfeng,Jingjiang County were analyzed using palynological technique.The yellow drops were composed mainly of pollen from crops which are common in the area and they were in blossom at that time.Among the grains observed in acetolysed preparations the dominant el- ement is the oil-bearing crop pollen of Brassica campestris L.(69.7%,634 grains counted),plus some other pollen such as Vicia faba L.(27.1%)and Astragalus sinicus L.(1.4%).On inve- stigation it was found out that there did exist an apiary around the yellow rain site.The bee feces,however,bore a strong resemblance both in appearance and in pollen composition to the yellow spots on leaves we collected.Palynological analysis showed that samples of yel- low rain collected from different times at the same site were completely different in their pollen composition,suggesting that the local flowering plants are the source of the pollen found in samples of yellow rain.All data obtained so far do support the bee feces theory for the origin of yellow rain proposed by one of the authors(Zhang Zhong-ying)early in 1977,in- dicating that yellow rain is a phenomenon of nature.