A high-fat diet enriched in medium chain triglycerides triggers hepatic thermogenesis and improves metabolic health in lean and obese mice |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;2. Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dept. of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX 78723, USA;3. Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc., 7102 Riverwood Dr, Columbia, MD 21046, USA;1. Boston Children’s Hospital Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology Program, Boston MA;2. Boston Children’s Hospital Clinical Research Center, Boston MA;3. Boston Children’s Hospital Department of Pharmacy, Boston MA;4. Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Pathology, Boston MA;5. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Department of Medicine, Boston MA;1. Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. Basic Sciences Department, Nova Friburgo Health Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Brazil;1. Dept. of Pediatrics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan;2. Dept. of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan;3. Dept. of Gastroenterology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan;4. Dept. of Internal Medicine, Prefectural Ninohe Hospital, Iwate, Japan;5. Dept. of Neurology, Hematology, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan;6. Dept. of Pathological Diagnostics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan;7. Division of Pediatrics, Dept. of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Obesity, liver steatosis and type 2 diabetes are major diseases partly imputed to energy-dense diets rich in long chain triglycerides (LCT). The search for bioactive nutrients that help to overcome metabolic diseases is a growing field. In this regard, medium chain triglycerides (MCT) were shown to promote lipid catabolism and to stimulate brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. The objective of our study was to evaluate if the replacement of LCT by MCT in high-fat diets could prevent and/or reduce metabolic disorders. For this purpose, two cohorts of C57BL/6 mice were fed during 10 weeks with three isocaloric high-fat diets with variable MCT content. Cohort A was composed of lean mice while cohort B was composed of obese, insulin resistant mice. In cohort A, replacement of LCT by MCT preserved metabolic health, in part by triggering hepatic thermogenesis. We further found that medium chain fatty acids promote thermogenesis markers within cultured hepatocytes in a FFAR1/GPR40-dependent manner. In cohort B, high-fat diets enriched in MCT promoted body fat depletion and caused metabolic health improvement, together with the induction of thermogenesis markers in the liver as well as in subcutaneous white adipose tissue. Our study supports that replacement of LCT by MCT in high-fat diets improves the metabolic features associated with obesity. |
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