超声心动图评价冠状动脉慢血流现象的应用进展

摘要：冠状动脉慢血流现象(coronary slow flow phenomenon, CSFP)是通过冠状动脉血管造影(coronary angiography, CAG)发现的以冠状动脉内径正常或接近正常的血管远端造影剂显像延迟为特征的冠状动脉血管病变。多数患者心脏无器质性病变，但反复出现各种不同形式的心肌缺血症状，CSFP也可能引发如恶性心律失常、急性心肌梗死等严重的心脏不良事件，因此早期评估CSFP尤为重要。既往多种影像学检查手段价格昂贵、检查时间过长，并且后期随访及疗效评估困难，限制了这类检查在临床上的应用。传统的超声心动图指标难以反映早期心肌损伤，近年来各种超声心动图新技术检查在CSFP的定性、定量研究中都发挥了重要作用，其中斑点追踪成像技术(speckle tracking imaging，STI)更是在安全无创的基础上具有更高的准确性和敏感性。

Advances in the Application of Echocardiography for the Evaluation of Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon

ABSTRACT: Coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) is a coronary artery disease detected by coronary angiography (CAG), characterized by delayed imaging of distal contrast agents with normal or nearly normal internal diameter. In most patients, the heart has no organic lesions, but there are various forms of myocardial ischemia symptoms repeatedly. CSFP may also cause serious adverse cardiac events such as malignant arrhythmia and acute myocardial infarction, so early assessment of CSFP is particularly important. Previous imaging examination methods were expensive, the examination time was too long, and the follow-up and efficacy evaluation were difficult, which limited the application of such examinations in clinical practice. Traditional echocardiography index cannot reflect the early myocardial injury. In recent years, various new echocardiographic techniques have played an important role in the qualitative and quantitative research of CSFP, among which speckle tracking imaging (STI) is more accurate and sensitive on the basis of safety and non-invasive.