支气管哮喘患儿病情控制的影响因素及其家长知信行问卷调查分析

摘要 目的：调查支气管哮喘患儿家长知信行情况，并分析支气管哮喘患儿病情控制的影响因素。方法：于2016年7月~2020年7月期间，选取我院收治的500例支气管哮喘患儿及其家长作为研究对象。患儿家长知信行情况采用《哮喘患儿家长知信行问卷》调查。患儿近4周的病情控制水平参照《诸福棠实用儿科学(第8版)》中的相关标准进行确定，病情控制水平包括良好控制、部分控制和未控制。将良好控制、部分控制的患儿纳为哮喘控制组，将未控制的患儿纳为哮喘未控制组。采用本院自制的调查量表调查患儿及其家长的信息，分析支气管哮喘患儿病情控制的影响因素。结果：支气管哮喘儿童家长知信行情况不容乐观。支气管哮喘患儿病情控制率为38.06%（187/491）。单因素分析结果表明，支气管哮喘患儿病情控制与家庭人均月收入、患儿个人过敏史、家长受教育程度、哮喘家族史、是否坚持长期用药、是否定期复诊有关（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，家长受教育程度、家庭人均月收入、患儿个人过敏史、哮喘家族史、是否坚持长期用药、是否定期复诊均是支气管哮喘患儿病情控制的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论：本研究中支气管哮喘患儿病情控制水平一般，且支气管哮喘儿童家长知信行情况不容乐观，其中家长受教育程度、家庭人均月收入、患儿个人过敏史等均是支气管哮喘患儿病情控制的影响因素，临床中应结合相关因素进行针对性的干预或治疗，以期实现对支气管哮喘患儿病情的良好控制。

Influencing Factors of Condition Control in Children with Bronchial Asthma and Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire Survey Analysis of Their Parents

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice of parents of children with bronchial asthma, and to analyze the influencing factors of condition control of children with bronchial asthma. Methods: From July 2016 to July 2020, 500 children with bronchial asthma and their parents in our hospital were selected as the research objects. The knowledge, attitude and practice of parents of children with asthma was investigated by knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire. The disease control level of the children in the recent 4 weeks was determined according to the relevant standards in Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Zhufu Tang Practical Pediatrics (8th Edition). The disease control level included well controlled, partially controlled and uncontrolled. The well controlled and partially controlled children were included in the asthma control group, and the uncontrolled children were included in the asthma uncontrolled group. The questionnaire made by our hospital was used to investigate the information of the children and their parents. The influencing factors of disease condition control of children with bronchial asthma were analyzed. Results: The parents of children with bronchial asthma were not optimistic. The disease control rate of children with bronchial asthma was 38.06% (187/491). The results of univariate analysis showed that the condition control of children with bronchial asthma was related to family monthly income per capita, children''s personal allergy history, parents'' education level, family history of asthma, whether to adherence to long-term medication, and whether to regular return visit (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that parents'' education level, family monthly income per capita, children''s personal allergy history, family history of asthma, whether to adherence to long-term medication, and whether to regular return visit were all influencing factors for the disease control of children with bronchial asthma (P<0.05). Conclusion: In this study children with bronchial asthma disease control level is general, and parents of children with bronchial asthma know nobuyuki situation is not optimistic, in which parents'' education level, family monthly income per capita, children''s personal allergy history, etc are all the influence factors of children with bronchial asthma disease control, which should be combined with the related factors in clinical targeted intervention or treatment, in order to achieve good control of the children with bronchial asthma condition.