银耳子实体多糖的分离、分析及生物活性

银耳(Tremella fuciformis Berk.)子实体经热水提取、去蛋白、柱层析分离纯化得银耳子实体多糖(简称TF)精品。TF总糖含量75.7%,其中含葡萄糖醛酸14.7%。TF由岩藻糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖和葡萄糖醛酸组成,摩尔比为0:92:0.49:0.1 8:1.00:1.15:0.57,分子量115000。急性和亚急性毒性试验表明TF的毒性很小,小鼠腹腔注射,LD_(so)为96700±143.1 5mg/kg,狗静脉注射前后,血象、肝肾功能及组织切片均无病理性变化和损伤。TF有多种生物活性;可增加脾指数、半数溶血值和E玫瑰花结形成率,促进巨噬细胞吞噬功能、淋巴细胞转化和血清蛋白质的生物合成,并有明显抗放射、升高白血球、抗炎和红细胞凝集作用等。

ISOLATION, ANALYSIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF THE POLYSACCHARIDE OF TREMELLA FUCIFORMIS BERKELEY

Polysaccharide was isolated from Tremella fuciformis Berk, growing in China. The acute LD_(50) of the polysaccharide (TF) by intreperitoneal injection in mice was 967.00±143.15 mg/kg. In dogs subacute toxic examination, the blood picture, serum GPT and serum urea nitrogen were not much changed before and after injection. TF has a promoted effect on humoral and cellular immunity, and had a repair and protection effect on tissue damages.The TF was further pruified by DEAE Sephadex A-25 and Sephadex G-200. Its monosaccharide composition was identified by paper and gas chromatogrouph. The TF is composed of L-fucose, L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-mannose, D-glucose and glucuronic acid in molar ratio of 0.92:0.49:0.18:1.00:1.15:0.57. Its molecular weight was estimated at 115000.