北方寒旱区白菜型冬油菜的越冬安全性及经济效益和生态效益

为了进一步明确白菜型冬油菜在北方寒旱区的越冬安全性、扩大冬油菜的种植区域，本研究通过2008—2013年57点18个白菜型冬油菜品种的多点试验，统计分析不同生态区不同品种越冬率的变化情况.结果表明： 研究期间，北方旱寒区白菜型冬油菜的越冬率在70%～90%，且年份间、品种间变化不明显，稳定性高，经济效益显著.以甘肃天水为起点，含甘肃全部，西藏拉萨、林芝以南，青海民和以东，至新疆乌鲁木齐、拜城，阿勒泰、塔城以南，喀什以东；向东沿黄河一线到宁夏、内蒙古临河以南、陕北、山西祁县周边、河北大名、天津、北京、山东潍坊以北、辽宁葫芦岛南部、吉林延边南部等地为白菜型冬油菜安全越冬地区.陇油6号、陇油7号、陇油8号、陇油9号为安全越冬白菜型冬油菜品种.

Safe wintering and economic and ecological benefit of winter rapeseed in dry and cold areas of northern China.

The purpose of this study was to realize the security of safe wintering of winter rapeseed in dry and cold regions of northern China. Experiments were conducted with 18 winter rapeseed (Brassica campestris) varieties at 57 sites from 2008 to 2013 to statistically analyze the wintering rate variation of different varieties in dry and cold regions of northern China. The results showed that, the wintering rate varied from 70% to 90% during the study period in different regions, which had no significant difference between different years and varieties, and had high stability and remarkable economic benefit. With Tianshui as a starting point of winter rapeseed planting, the wintering safe regions included all Gansu Province , the south of Lasa and Linzhi of Xizang, the east of Minhe of Qinghai, up to Urumqi and Baicheng, and the south of Aletai, Tacheng, the east of Kashi of Xinjiang, it also included the regions along Yellow River eastward to Ningxia, the south of Linhe of Inner Mongolia, the north of Shaanxi, the vicinage of Qixian in Shanxi, Daming in Hebei, Tianjin, Beijing, the north of Weifang of Shandong, the south of Huludao of Liaoning and Yanbian of Jilin. Longyou 6, Longyou 7, Longyou 8 and Longyou 9 were the wintering safe B. rapa varieties.