浙江西门岛湿地景观格局与人为干扰度动态变化

基于西门岛湿地2007和 2010年两期SPOT 5影像(空间分辨率均为5 m)数据,结合西门岛湿地土地利用现状,参考《全国土地利用分类》（试行）、海域使用分类海洋行业标准以及综合考虑遥感数据特性,建立西门岛湿地人为干扰类型分类系统；应用景观格局指数法、GIS空间分析法,得到景观指数和人为干扰度指数,探讨了西门岛湿地景观格局与人为干扰度动态变化.结果表明: 研究期间，西门岛湿地景观异质性、破碎度和优势度降低,景观形状复杂度降低.西门岛湿地人为干扰中心由分散发展到集中;干扰中心主要贡献景观类型是裸地和居民点;干扰总程度由海域向陆地逐渐加重,居民点、码头、交通用地干扰总程度最高.滩涂养殖、泥滩地、浮筏养殖景观的人为干扰度跳跃性大.水陆交错带出现干扰总程度较低但干扰极不平稳的现象.无干扰、半干扰和全干扰型景观的斑块数量下降.无干扰、半干扰景观的平均斑块面积增加,全干扰景观的平均斑块面积减少.无干扰景观的平均形状指数下降,半干扰型和全干扰型景观形状有复杂化趋势.

Dynamic changes of landscape pattern and hemeroby in Ximen Island wetland,Zhejiang Province,China.

The hemeroby type classification system of Ximen Island wetland of Zhejiang Province was established based on the multiple datasets: SOPT-5 image data with a spatial resolution of 5 m in 2007 and 2010, its wetland land cover and land use status, the National Land Use Classification (on trail), and sea area use classification of marine industry standards as well as remote sensing data features. Meanwhile, the dynamic relationship between the landscape pattern and the degree of hemeroby in Ximen Island was investigated with the landscape indices and hemeroby index (HI) derived from the landscape pattern index and GIS spatial analysis. The results showed that the wetland landscape spatial heterogeneity, fragmentation and dominance index dropped, and the landscape shape index complexity was low. The human disturbance center developed from a dispersion type to a concentration type. The landscape type of the disturbance center was bare land and settlement. The HI rose up from the sea to the land. Settlement, wharf and traffic land had the highest HI. The HI of the mudflat cultivation, mudflats and raft cultivation dramatically changed. Marine terrestrial interlaced zone showed a low total HI with unstable characteristics. The number of patches declined of undisturbed, partially disturbed and completely disturbed landscapes. Mean patch areas of partially disturbed and completely disturbed landscapes increased, and that of the undisturbed decreased. Mean shape index of the undisturbed landscape decreased, while the partially disturbed and completely disturbed landscapes showed a trend of shape complication.