基于空间主成分和最小累积阻力模型的内陆河景观生态安全评价与格局优化——以张掖市甘州区为例

以干旱内陆河主要生态环境问题为出发点，利用景观生态学方法、空间主成分分析和GIS技术，获取甘州区生态安全格局的分布状况.选取海拔、坡度、自然和文化景观保护区、土壤类型、土壤侵蚀量、植被覆盖度、距道路距离、距工业用地距离、距居民点距离以及距水体距离等10个要素作为约束条件，并采用景观最小累积阻力模型构建生态廊道和生态节点来优化生态功能网络的结构及功能.结果表明： 甘州区生态安全综合状况一般，以中等安全水平为主，面积为1318.7 km²，占研究区总面积的36.7%.低度安全水平的区域主要位于研究区北部，占研究区总面积的19.9%.构建了由6条生态廊道、14个生态节点、1个较大的生态源区和若干个小面积源区组成的点、线、面交织的区域生态网络格局，将有效改善研究区的生态安全水平.

Assessment of landscape ecological security and optimization of landscape pattern based on spatial principal component analysis and resistance model in arid inland area: A case study of Ganzhou District,Zhangye City,Northwest China.

Starting from ecological environment of inland river in arid area, the distribution of ecological security pattern of Ganzhou District was obtained by using the theory of landscape ecology, spatial principal component analysis (SPCA) and GIS techniques. Ten factors such as altitude, slope, soil erosion, vegetation coverage, and distance from road, were selected as the constraint conditions. According to the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model of landscape, the ecological corridor and nodes were established to optimize the structure and function of ecological function network. The results showed that the comprehensive ecological security situation of the research area was on the average. Area of moderate level of security was 1318.7 km², being the largest and accounting for 36.7% of the research area. The area of low level of security was mainly located in the northern part and accounted for 19.9% of the study area. With points, lines and surfaces being interlaced, a regional ecological network was constructed, which was consisted of six ecological corridor, 14 ecological nodes, a large ecological source region and a plurality of small area source region, and could effectively improve ecological security level of the study area.