气候变化对小兴安岭主要阔叶树种地上部分固碳速率影响的模拟

运用LANDIS Pro 7.0模型，模拟了2000—2200年小兴安岭地区10个阔叶树种地上部分生物量在当前气候条件和不同气候变化情景下的变化状况,并结合各树种的含碳率计算各树种的地上部分固碳速率.结果表明: 在模拟初始年份,水曲柳、黄檗、蒙古栎、春榆、色木槭的生物量低所占比例小,枫桦、白桦、山杨生物量较大所占比例较高.先锋树种白桦和山杨的固碳速率在模拟中后期出现先下降后上升的过程;其他阔叶树种的固碳速率变化规律较复杂,蒙古栎和紫椴的固碳速率在整个模拟阶段分别在-0.05～0.25和0.16～1.29 t·hm^-2·(10 a)^-1范围内波动,水曲柳、春榆、色木槭和枫桦的固碳速率在模拟中后期呈先上升后下降的趋势.在模拟的第2(2050—2100年)和第4阶段(2150—2200年),黄檗、黑桦在不同气候变化情景间的固碳速率存在显著差异,其他树种的固碳速率在不同气候条件间无显著差异.小兴安岭地区阔叶树种地上部分固碳速率对未来气候的敏感性存在差异.不同气候变化情景的不确定性对大多数森林乔木树种地上部分固碳速率不会造成显著差异,且气候对森林固碳速率的影响存在时滞效应.

Simulating climate change effect on aboveground carbon sequestration rates of main broadleaved trees in the Xiaoxing’an Mountains area,Northeast China.

LANDIS Pro 7.0 model was used to simulate the dynamics of aboveground biomass of ten broadleaved tree species in the Xiao Xing’an Mountains area under current and various climate change scenarios from 2000 to 2200, and carbon content coefficients (CCCs) were coupled to calculate the aboveground carbon sequestration rates (ACSRs) of these species. The results showed that in the initial year of simulation, the biomasses and their proportions of Fraxinus mandshurica, Phellodendron amurense, Quercus mongolica, Ulmus propinqua, and Acer mono were relatively low, while those of Betula costata, Betula platyphylla, and Populus davidiana were higher. A trend of rise after decline occurred in ACSR for pioneer species in the mid and late periods of simulation years, but ACSRs for the other broadleaved tree species were considerably complex. The ACSRs of Q. mongolica and Tilla amurensis fluctuated in the ranges of -0.05-0.25 t·hm^-2·10 a^-1 and 0.16-1.29 t·hm^-2·10 a^-1 in simulation years, respectively. The ACSRs of F. mandshurica, U. propinqua, A. mono, and B. costata showed a trend of decline after rise in late simulation years. There were significant differences in ACSR for P. amurense and B. davurica among various climate change scenarios in the periods of 2050-2100 and 2150-2200, while no significant difference in ACSR for the other species would be detected. Difference of sensitivity of various species in ACSR for future climate scenarios in the Small Khingan Mountains area existed. However, the uncertainty of future climates would not yield significant difference in ACSR for most broadleaved tree species. Moreover, a time lag would exist in the process of climate change effects on temperate forest’s ACSR.