Phylogenetic analysis of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus |
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Authors: | Ramaiah Arunachalam Kanniah Paulkumar Gurusamy Annadurai |
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Institution: | 1.Environmental Nanotechnology Division, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Sciences,Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,Alwarkurichi,India |
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Abstract: | The principle of the present study was to determine the evolution of pandemic novel influenza A/H1N1 2009 virus (NIV) by phylogenetic,
comparative and statistical analyses. The phylogenetic trees of eight genomic segments illustrate that, so far, the sequences
of the NIVs (outbreak group A) are relatively homogeneous and derived by the event of multiple genetic reassortment of Eurasian
and North American swine, avian and human viruses (group B). It implies that some of the influenza viruses in group B had
higher potential to evolve and getting the ability to transmit from human-to-human after animal-to-human cross-species transmission.
The second analysis shows that NIV had attempted a little evolutionary change among humans and before introduction into human
it had long evolutionary history. Statistical analysis shows that viruses from both outbreak and nearest group have homologous
genes in their genomes which might be reflecting the phylogenetic relationship of strains, and also the presence of unique
mutations between groups A-B may associate with increased virulence of NIVs. Both phylogenetic and cluster analyses confirm
that the gene exchange takes place between viruses originated from different species and it could be generated NIV with unpredictable
pandemic potential. Hence, we conclude that an extensive study should be made to recognize, which reassortment groups are
closely related to NIVs, and to determine the sites in the genes of NIV under greatest or least selection pressure, which
will ultimately be important in the effective design of vaccine and drugs for ‘swine flu’. |
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