人胎视网膜神经肽Y免疫反应神经元的发育

本文用免疫细胞化学ＡＢＣ法，研究１５—３８周龄人胎视网膜神经肽Ｙ免疫反应（ＮｅｕｒｏｐｅｐｔｉｄｅＹｉｍｍｕｎｏｒｅｃｔｉｖｅ，ＮＰＹ－ＩＲ）神经元（以下称ＮＰＹ－ＩＲ细胞）的发育。结果表明：①胎龄１５周视网膜中央部已出现不同类型的ＮＰＹ－ＩＲ细胞：位于黄斑及其周围外核层的为ＮＰＹ－ＩＲ视锥细胞；位于内核层最内一列的为ＮＰＹ－ＩＲ无长突细胞位于节细胞层的可能为ＮＰＹ－ＩＲ移位无长突细胞或节细胞；内核层和节细胞层的ＮＰＹ－ＩＲ细胞的突起均分布在内网层的第１亚层。②胎龄２４周后，ＮＰＹ－ＩＲ视锥细胞完全消失。③随着视网膜的发育，内核层和节细胞层的ＮＰＹ－ＩＲ细胞数量增多，突起增粗增长，胞体分布由中央部扩展到周边部，其中内核层ＮＰＹ－ＩＲ细胞的密度呈现从中央部向周边部逐渐降低的分布方式，节细胞层ＮＰＹ－ＩＲ细胞则多数集中分布在视网膜的边缘和黄斑之间，形成较高密度的环状区。

THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEUROPEPTIDE Y IMMUNOREACYIVE NEURONS IN RETINA OF HUMAN FETUS

The development of neuropeptide Y immunoreactive (NPY--IR) neurons in the retinas of 15-- 38 week--old fetuses was studied with immunocytochemical ABC method. The results indicated that (1) the different NPY--IR neurons had appeared in the central retina of 15 weeks fetus: those in the outer nuclear layer (ONL) of the macula and the region adjacent to it were NPY--IR cones; those in the innermost cell row of inner neuclear layer (INL) were NPY--IR amacrine cells; those in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) might be displaced amacrine cells or ganglion cells; the processes of NPY--IR cells in the INL and GCL ramified in sublamina 1 of the inner plexiform layer (IPL). (2) NPY--IR cones disappeared after 24 weeks.(3) With the development of the fetal retinas ) the number of the NPY--IR cells in the INL and GCL was increased; their processes were thickened and lengthened ; the distribution of the NPY-IR cells expanded to periphery from the central retina; the densities of the NPY--IR cells in the INL declined from central area toward peripheral retina; most of NPY--IR cells in the GCL concentrated in the area between the macula and the peripheral retina, forming a higher cell density ring.