Trypanosoma congolense: host responses following tsetse transmitted infection of Kilifi isolates in goats |
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| Authors: | R W Paling S K Moloo L Jenni |
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| Affiliation: | 1. International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases, P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya;2. Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, Basel CH-4051, Switzerland;1. Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Department of Bioresources, Winchester Strasse, D-35394 Giessen, Germany;2. Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), INSERM U1019 – CNRS UMR 8204, Université Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France;3. Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic;4. University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic;5. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Spain;6. Institute for Phytopathology and Applied Zoology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany;1. Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China, No.120, Dongling Road, Shenhe District 110866, PR China;2. The Preventive and Control Center of Animal Disease of Liaoning Province, Liaoning Agricultural Development Service Center, No. 95, Renhe Road, Shenbei District, Shenyang 110164, PR China;3. State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 678, Haping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150069, PR China;3. Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;4. Molecular Recognition and Host–Pathogen Interactions Programme, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain;5. NeCEN, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333_CC Leiden, Netherlands;6. IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain;1. MCI Sante Animale, Mohammedia, Morocco;2. Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Onderstepoort, Pretoria, South Africa;3. Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA;4. Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA;5. Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA;1. Merial S.A.S., 29 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France;2. CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France;3. ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France;1. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;2. Departamento de Infectología e Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes (INPerIER), Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico;3. Texas A&M University, Veterinary Pathobiology, TAMUs 4467, College Station, TX 77843, USA |
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| Abstract: | East African x Galla goats, when infected with Trypanosoma congolense isolates from the Kilifi area of Kenya by Glossina morsitans centralis, did not develop the characteristic chancre reaction at the bite sites, whereas bites of tsetse infected with the cloned T. congolense IL.1180 from Serengeti, Tanzania, resulted in chancres in the same goats. Histological changes could not be observed in skin biopsies collected 8 or 9 days after infection with Kilifi isolates. However, all goats became parasitemic about 10 days after challenge. It is concluded that the absence of chancre development is a characteristic feature of T. congolense parasites from Kilifi. The isoenzyme analysis of clones of two T. congolense Kilifi isolates and the T. congolense clone IL.1180 indicated that they belong to different zymodemes. Neutralizing antibodies to homologous metacyclic variable antigen types were detected in six out of seven (86%) of the sera from goats infected with a clone or stock of a T. congolense Kilifi isolate, 20 days after infection. Goats primed by tsetse transmitted infection with a stock or clone of T. congolense from Kilifi and treated with Berenil were, in three out of eight cases (37%), not immune to homologous challenge. It is suggested that the reduced immune response to metacyclic variable antigen types could be a result of the absence of cellular infiltration, i.e., chancre development in the skin at the tsetse bite site. It is concluded that the use of the chancre reaction as a marker for serodeme analysis of recently isolated stocks of T. congolense from Kilifi was not feasible. |
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