天山中段主要植被类型中种群的空间分布格局与环境的关系

 用生物地理统计学的空间相关图及空间相关指数方法研究了天山中段主要植被类型中种群的空间分布格局及其影响种群空间分布格局的主要环境因子。主要考虑了山地荒漠、亚高山草甸和高山草甸3种植被类型，以及30年平均降水量和月平均气温、海拔、土壤pH值和有机质含量等9种环境及气象因子。结果表明：影响天山北坡荒漠植物种群空间分布格局的主要因子是海拔。结果表明：影响天山越高分布越少，而7月平均温度越高分布越广；影响南坡荒漠优势物种空间分布的因子较复杂，但土壤中N含量是其中一个重要因子。影响亚高山草甸优势种群空间分布的因子较多，但比较重要的因子包括土壤CaCO3含量及1月平均温度为负面因子，而降水量是比较重要的正影响因子；影响高山草甸优势种群空间分布的主要因子虽然很多，但是降水量、1月平均温度和7月平均温度等是主要影响因子。

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PATTERN OF VEGETATION TYPES IN THE MID TIANSHAN MOUNTAINS

Spatial correlogram and spatial correlation index methods were used to analyse the spatial patterns of major vegetation types in the mid range of the Tianshan Mountains and the relationship between populations and environmental factors. Desert, subalpine meadow and alpine meadow vegetation dominate this area and a number of environmental and climatic factors were used to analyse their distribution. These include 30 years average rainfall, monthly average temperature, elevation and soil nitrogen. The results indicate that elevation and average July temperature were major factors which affected desert population spatial patterns on northern slopes, and with increasing elevation there was a decline in the abundance of plants. Many factors affected plant distribution on the southern slopes, of which nitrogen content was the most important factor. In subalpine meadow vegetation the factors affecting population spatial patterns were CaCO 3 content and January temperature (both negatively) and annual rainfall (positively). Many factors worked together on population distributions in alpine vegetation areas, but annual rainfall, January temperature and July temperature were among the most important factors.