畜禽生产性状主效基因定位技术与方法研究进展

鉴定畜禽重要生产性状形成的关键遗传因子,揭示其产生的分子遗传机制,对动物新品种的培育及特色遗传资源的开发利用具有重要意义。高通量分析技术诞生前,标记数量性状位点(quantitative trait loci,QTL)连锁分析和候选基因分析法作为鉴定畜禽生产性状QTL和主效基因主要方法,但由于其技术局限性,性状因果基因鉴定的效率并不高。人类基因组计划(human genome project, HGP)开启了以大数据为特征的生命科学研究的序幕,在HGP完成后的20余年间,快速发展的高通量分析技术使人们研究生物学问题的思路和方法发生了巨大改变。本综述就近年来被广泛用于畜禽重要性状的候选基因定位的方法与技术进行了较全面的综述,以期为同行提供参考。

Progress in Gene Mapping Methods and Technologies for the Economical Traits in Farm Animals

Identifying the key genetic factors as well as revealing the molecular genetic mechanism of important economical traits in livestock is of great significance for the cultivation of new animal varieties and the development and utilization of characteristic genetic resources. Before the birth of high-throughput analytic technology,labeled quantitative trait loci(QTL) linkage analysis and candidate gene analysis were used as the main methods for identifying QTL and major genes of production traits in livestock. However, due to their technical limitations,the efficiency for identification of the causative gene is not satisfying. The human genome project(HGP) opened the scene of life science characterized by the Big Data, and great changes have been made in the methods of biological investigations in recent decade since the completion of HGP. In this article, we reviewed the methods and technologies for the candidate gene mapping of important economical traits in livestock in recent years which will provide the valuable reference for peers.