Shape of,and body direction in,huddles of Japanese macaques (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Macaca fuscata</Emphasis>) in Arashiyama,Japan |
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Authors: | Hideshi Ogawa Kazuo Wada |
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Institution: | (1) School of International Liberal Studies, Chukyo University, Tokodachi 101, Kaizu-cho, Toyota Aichi, 470-0393, Japan;(2) Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kanrin 41-2, Inuyama Aichi, 484-8506, Japan |
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Abstract: | We studied huddles of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in the Arashiyama E troop at the “Arashiyama Monkey Park, Iwatayama” of Kyoto, central Japan. The macaques made physical
contact with other individuals and formed huddles when the air was cold. The 99–101 adult females and 26–36 adult males in
the study troop formed 345 huddles during 42 scan samples in the winter of 2001 and 376 huddles during 52 scan samples in
the winter of 2002. The average size of huddles was 2.3 (range 2–7) individuals. Males huddled less frequently than females.
Maternal kin-related dyads formed 2-female huddles more frequently than unrelated dyads. Choice of huddling partners might
restrict the size of huddles. The most frequently observed 3 and 4-member huddles were triangular and diamond-shaped. Macaques
usually huddled ventro–ventrally, ventro–laterally, and ventro–dorsally. A third individual frequently placed the ventral
part of its body against the first individual and simultaneously put the lateral part of its body against the second individual,
so that the 3 individuals formed a triangular huddle. This behaviour indicates that Japanese macaques choose their position
and body direction in the huddle to reduce the area of body surface exposed to the air, thereby conserving body heat. |
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