一株新的溶磷草生欧文氏菌的分离、鉴定及其溶磷效果的初步研究

从湖南、湖北、云南等地磷矿开采场的土壤样品中筛选到一株溶磷能力较强的菌株P21,结合生理生化指标和16S rDNA序列分析鉴定其属于草生欧文氏菌菠萝变种(Erwinia herbicola var.ananas).该菌能溶解磷酸三钙、羟基磷灰石、磷酸铁、磷酸锌,其中对磷酸三钙和羟基磷灰石的每升液体培养基溶磷量(P2O5)分别高达1206.20mg、529.67mg.溶磷菌草生欧文氏菌菠萝变种P21对产地不同的8种磷矿石溶解能力不同,对云南晋宁和昆阳、四川雅安、江苏锦屏等地磷矿石有较强的溶解能力,每升液体培养基溶磷量分别为96.64mg、78.46mg、67.07mg、65.24mg,对其它产地的磷矿石溶解能力较差.实验表明,培养液的pH下降与溶磷菌P21的溶磷量无直接关系.

Isolation and identification of a novel phosphate-dissolving strain P21

Phosphate-dissolving microorganisms can be applied for better use of insoluble phosphorus as fertilizer., A phosphate-dissolving strain P21was isolated from soil samples in China. The isolate was identified as Erwinia herbicola var. ananas, based on its 16Sr DNA sequence and physiological characteristics. Its activity was measured in solid media as well as liquid media using different phosphate sources including tricalium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, ferric phosphate, aluminium phosphate, zinc phosphate, and rock phosphates. E. herbicola could strongly dissolve 1206.20mg tricalium phosphate and 529.67mg hydroxyapatite in per liter liquid media. The strain showed high phosphate-dissolving ability for rock phosphates from Jinning and Kunyang in Yunnan province, Yaan in Sichuan province and Jinping in Jiangsu province with the capacity of 6.64 mg, 78.46 mg, 67.07 mg and 65.24 mg soluble phosphate respectively per liter medium, whereas the phosphate-dissolving ability to the rest of the eight rock phosphates was weak. According to the experiments, the phosphate-dissolving ability of E. herbicola was specific to different rock phosphates, and phosphate-dissolving ability of E. herbicola was not directly related to pH reduction of liquid media.