实时荧光定量PCR的应用和进展

实时荧光定量PCR技术通过检测PCR产物中荧光讯号强度来达到定量的目的，该技术不仅实现了PCR从定性到定量的飞跃，而且与常规PCR相比，它具有特异性更强、有效解决PCR污染问题、自动化程度高等特点，目前已在动植物基因工程，微生物和医学领域中得到广泛应用。本文对实时荧光定量PCR技术的原理、优缺点及近年来新兴起的荧光探针的原理、优缺点进行了评述，重点及创新点是对实时荧光定量PCR技术在动植物基因工程，微生物和医学领域的应用进行了比较全面的综述，并对实时荧光定量PCR技术的普及应用及在基因诊断领域的前景做了进一步的展望。

The Application and Development of Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR

Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR) allows quantification of starting amounts of DNA, cDNA, or RNA templates. FQ-PCR was based on the detection of a fluorescent reporter molecule that increases as PCR product accumulates with each cycle of amplification. It exceeds the limitations of traditional end-point PCR methods by allowing either absolute or relative quantification of PCR product at the end of each cycle, and avoiding the pollution in traditional PCR. On the other hand, it has such excellences as high sensibility, specificity and accuracy. It has been widely used in the plant genetic engineering, microbial and medicine field. In this paper, we reviewed the principle, characteristics, recent advances in fluorescent probe of the real -time quantitative PCR, and the application of FQ-PCR in plant genetic engineering, microbial and medicine field were summerized in detail in this paper. In addation, we also predicted the further application of FQ-PCR in a more popularizated area and gene diagnose.