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紫茎泽兰对五种苦苣苔科植物化感作用的初步研究
引用本文:李渊博,徐晗,石雷,李振宇. 紫茎泽兰对五种苦苣苔科植物化感作用的初步研究[J]. 生物多样性, 2007, 15(5): 486-491. DOI: 10.1360/biodiv.060213
作者姓名:李渊博  徐晗  石雷  李振宇
作者单位:1 (系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室, 中国科学院植物研究所, 北京 100093)2 (中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049)
基金项目:中国科学院基金;国家自然科学基金
摘    要:紫茎泽兰(Eupatorium adenophorum)为菊科一种入侵性极强的外来杂草, 现已在我国西南部地区蔓延生长, 并侵入多种苦苣苔科植物的生境。中国苦苣苔科植物均已收入《中国物种红色名录》, 其中部分已被列为国家重点保护物种。为了解紫茎泽兰对本土苦苣苔科植物生长的影响, 作者分别采用其根、茎、叶水提液(8%)对3属5种苦苣苔科植物, 即刺齿唇柱苣苔(Chirita spinulosa)、荔波唇柱苣苔(C. liboensis)、烟叶唇柱苣苔(C. heterotricha)、芒毛苣苔(Aeschynanthus acuminatus)和台闽苣苔(Titanotrichum oldhamii)的幼苗进行处理。结果表明, 紫茎泽兰叶水提液对刺齿唇柱苣苔、荔波唇柱苣苔和烟叶唇柱苣苔均有不同程度的化感作用, 其中对刺齿唇柱苣苔的化感作用最为明显, 当叶水提液在培养基中的浓度为2.4%、3.2%和4.0%时, 刺齿唇柱苣苔幼苗的生长完全受到抑制。紫茎泽兰的茎水提液对台闽苣苔有一定程度的化感作用, 当提取液在培养基中的浓度为1.6%时, 对台闽苣苔幼苗生长的抑制效应达到40%。紫茎泽兰叶和茎水提液对芒毛苣苔幼苗生长无明显的化感作用, 紫茎泽兰根水提液对5种苦苣苔科植物也均无显著影响。由此可知, 紫茎泽兰对唇柱苣苔属和台闽苣苔属的植物有一定的化感作用, 而对于芒毛苣苔属无明显的影响。分析结果显示, 紫茎泽兰对岩生苦苣苔科种类要比附生于树上的近缘种化感作用更为明显。

关 键 词:化感作用  苦苣苔科  幼苗生长
收稿时间:2006-11-03
修稿时间:2007-05-16

Allelopathic effects of Eupatorium adenophorum on five species of the family Gesneriaceae
Yuanbo Li,Han Xu,Lei Shi,Zhenyu Li. Allelopathic effects of Eupatorium adenophorum on five species of the family Gesneriaceae[J]. Biodiversity Science, 2007, 15(5): 486-491. DOI: 10.1360/biodiv.060213
Authors:Yuanbo Li  Han Xu  Lei Shi  Zhenyu Li
Affiliation:1 State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093
2 The Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
Abstract:Eupatorium adenophorum (Compositae), a highly invasive plant in southwestern China, has increasingly invaded the habitats of the gesneriaceous plants. All species of Gesneriaceae in China have been listed in China’s Red List and some of them have been categorized as the National Key Protected Species. To examine the possible allelopathic effect of E. adenophorum on Gesneriaceae, five species in three genera of Gesneriaceae (Chirita spinulosa, C. heterotricha,C. liboensis, Aeschynanthus acuminatus, and Titanotrichum oldhamii) were treated with three parts of E. adenophorum, i.e., aqueous root, stem, and leaf extracts (8%), respectively. The results indicated that aqueous leaf extracts of E. adenophorum had very different impacts on C. spinulosa, C. liboensis and C. heterotricha, of which it was the most obvious on C. spinulosa. Seedling growth of C. spinulosa were totally inhibited when aqueous leaf extracts 2.4%, 3.2% and 4.0%. The aqueous stem extracts of E. adenophorum showed some impacts on T. oldhamii. Seedling growth of T. oldhamii were inhibited 40% when the stem extracts of E. adenophorum was 1.6% . Aqueous leaf and stem extracts of E. adenophorum had little effect on seedling growth of A. acuminatus. However, aqueous root extracts of E.adenophorum also had no significant suppression on these five species. Therefore, our experiments con-firmed allelopathy of E. adenophorum on Chirita and Titanotrichum but not so much on Aeschynanthus. The gesneriaceous species on rocks seemed more susceptible to allelopathy of E. adenophorum than their allied species on trees.
Keywords:Eupatorium adenophorum
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