Reproductive disruption in adult female and male rats prenatally exposed to mesquite pod extract or daidzein |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Masters in Biology of Animal Reproduction, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Campus Iztapalapa, México City, Mexico;2. Department of Biology of Reproduction, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Campus Iztapalapa, México City, Mexico;3. Department of Neuroendocrinology of Reproductive Behavior, Veterinary Faculty, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico;4. Department of Health Sciences, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Campus Iztapalapa, México City, Mexico;5. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran;6. College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, People’s Republic of China;7. Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran;1. School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China;2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China;3. Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China;1. Departament of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Institute of Biomedical Sciences. Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil;3. Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil;1. Pelvic Floor and Postpartum Rehabilitation Center, Changsha Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410007, PR China;2. Department of Gynaecology, Changsha Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410007, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Phytoestrogens are considered to be endocrine disruptors, since they can alter the endocrine system, thus disturbing many reproductive events. The intake of diets containing a high content of phytoestrogens has increased worldwide in human populations and in domestic animals. Phytoestrogens in maternal blood can pass through the placenta to the fetus in high amounts and can have long-term organizational effects. Mesquite (Prosopis sp) is a leguminous plant widely used to feed several livestock species, and is also used in the human diet. In this study we assessed the effects of exposure to mesquite pod extract during the periconception and pregnancy periods on the reproduction of male and female descendants. The females of three experimental groups received one of the following treatments: 1) vehicle injection; 2) mesquite pod extract or 3) the isoflavone daidzein during the periconception and pregnancy periods. Estrous cyclicity, sexual behavior and hormones, as well as uterine and vaginal epithelia were evaluated in the female descendants. In the males, sexual behavior and hormones, apoptosis in testicular cells and sperm quality were evaluated. In females the following was observed: alterations in estrous cycles, decreased sexual behavior, estradiol and progesterone levels, increased uterine and vaginal epithelia. In males, we observed a decrease in sexual behavior, testosterone and sperm quality, and apoptosis increased in testicular cells. All these effects were similar to those caused by daidzein. These results indicate that prenatal exposure to mesquite pod extract or daidzein, administered to females before and during pregnancy, can disrupt normal organizational-activational programming of reproductive physiology in female and male descendants. |
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| Keywords: | Mesquite pod Daidzein Prenatal exposure Females Males |
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