珠江佛山与广州交界河段潮水河水质水量监测与评价

受潮汐的影响,潮水河中污染物的迁移和变化规律极其复杂。针对这一问题,开展如何布设合理的监测断面,制定合乎潮汐规律的潮水河水质水量同步监测方案等方面的研究,更好地为摸清潮水河段的污染物输入量以及河流的水质状况服务。通过对佛山与广州交界潮水河段水质水量的同步监测发现:该区域日化学需氧量输入量为288.8t,日氨氮输入量为88.8t;采用代表时段法计算出污染物的输入量及采用单项指标法评价潮水河水体现状比较可靠、合理;纳污量超过河段环境容量是导致水质不断恶化的原因;加强交界河段上游地区面污染治理,建立重点取水水源地水质自动监测站,对水源地水质状况实时监测,是保证不同季节取水安全的有效措施。

Monitoring and evaluation on water quality and quantity of Pearl River at the junction of Guangzhou and Foshan

Influenced by tides,pollutants in rivers can be transferred and changed a lot.This paper focus on how to set the reasonable sections for monitoring and to establish in-phase monitoring project that in accord with the law of water quality and quantity of the reach,so as to provide service for finding out the contamination input and getting more actual evaluation of water quality.It can be found,from the in-phase monitoring of water quality and quantity of the reach at the junction of Guangzhou and Foshan,that the sum transport of COD into this area is 288.8 t per day,and the sum transport of NH₄⁺-N is 88.8 t per day,and that using representative period method to calculate the contamination input and using individual item law to evaluate water quality are more credible and reasonable.Besides,the reason responsible for worse water quality is that contamination carrying capacity goes over environmental capacity of the reach.Intensifying surface pollution governance of the upstream areas of the reach,and establishing water quality automatic monitoring station in important water supply places to monitor real-time water quality are effective measures to ensure safety of water taking in different seasons.