芦笋对高脂饮食小鼠肠道微生物及酶活性的影响

目的 探明芦笋对高脂饮食小鼠肠道微生物及酶活性的影响情况，为芦笋的应用提供依据。方法 将实验动物随机分为正常组、高脂饮食组、高脂饮食低剂量芦笋组、高脂饮食中剂量芦笋组、高脂饮食高剂量芦笋组和高脂饮食阳性对照组。其中正常组喂食正常饲料，其余组喂食高脂饲料。分别灌胃蒸馏水（正常组、高脂饮食组）、芦笋1.05 g/（kg•d）（高脂饮食低剂量芦笋组）、芦笋2.10 g/（kg•d）（高脂饮食中剂量芦笋组）、芦笋4.20 g/（kg•d）（高脂饮食高剂量芦笋组）和降脂理肝汤1.19 g/（kg•d）（高脂饮食阳性对照组），每天2次，每次0.35 mL。比较分析小鼠肠道微生物及肠道酶活性。结果 酶活方面，高脂饮食低剂量芦笋组、高脂饮食中剂量芦笋组、高脂饮食高剂量芦笋组能明显降低淀粉酶、木聚糖酶以及蛋白酶的活性，与高脂饮食组相比差异具有统计学意义（Ps<0.01）。肠道微生物方面，高脂饮食低剂量芦笋组、高脂饮食中剂量芦笋组、高脂饮食高剂量芦笋组能显著降低细菌、乳杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量。与高脂饮食组相比差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论 芦笋能降低高脂饮食小鼠的肠道内细菌、乳杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量，并且可以显著降低高脂饮食小鼠淀粉酶、木聚糖酶和蛋白酶等肠道酶的活性。

Effect of asparagus on intestinal microbes and enzyme activities in mice fed with high fat diet

Objective To explore the effect of asparagus on intestinal microorganisms and enzyme activity of mice fed with high-fat diet mice, and provide basis for the application of asparagus. Methods The mice were randomly divided into the normal group, high-fat diet group, low-dose asparagus group, medium-dose asparagus group, high-dose asparagus group, or positive control group. The normal group was fed normal feed, while the rest groups were fed high-fat feed. Distilled water (normal group, high-fat diet group), asparagus 1.05 g/(kg•d) (low-dose asparagus group), asparagus 2.10 g/(kg•d) (medium-dose asparagus group), asparagus 4.20 g/(kg•d) (high-dose asparagus group) and Jiangzhi Ligan Decoction 1.19 g/(kg•d) (positive control group) were given by gavage, 0.35 mL bid. Comparative analysis was performed on intestinal microorganisms and intestinal enzyme activity. Results The activities of amylase, xylanase and protease in the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose asparagus groups obviously reduced compared with those in the high-fat diet group, significantly different from those in the high-fat diet group (Ps<0.01). The amounts of bacteria, Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria in the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose asparagus groups significantly reduced than in the high-fat diet group, with significant differences (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Asparagus can reduce intestinal bacteria count and the numbers of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, as well as the activities of amylase, protease and xylanase in mice fed with high-fat diet.