D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老大鼠尿液排泄情况观察及其多尿机制探讨

目的观察D-半乳糖(D-gal)致亚急性衰老大鼠在尿液排泄方面的特点并探讨其多尿症状机制。方法在初筛合格的SD大鼠颈背部皮下注射浓度为5%的D-gal生理盐水溶液125mg/(kg·d)连续8周。观察动物在造模期间和停止造模后两周内24h总尿量及水负荷后排尿情况的变化;通过测定模型动物尿中K+、Na+、CL-浓度,血中ALD、ADH、ANP浓度及肾脏病理形态学观察,探讨模型动物24h总尿量增加的机制。结果与正常对照组相比较,模型组动物24h总尿量明显增加;水负荷后6h内排尿潜伏期明显缩短,排尿次数明显增多,但总尿量没有明显差异;模型动物尿中Na+、CL-浓度明显升高,K+浓度明显降低;血浆ALD、ADH含量显著降低,ANP含量显著增加,肾脏出现一系列硬化特征。结论 D-gal致亚急性衰老大鼠出现的总尿量增加和排尿次数增多的情况可能与其ADH、ALD、ANP合成与分泌异常及肾脏病理形态学改变有关。

Polyuria and Its Mechanism in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Rats

Objective To observe the changes of urination of D-galactose-induced aging rat models and explore its mechanism. Methods The senescent mouse model was established by subcutaneous injection of D-gal （5% ,125 mg /kg·d） for 8 weeks. To measure the total volume of urine during 24 h and the frequency of urination within 6 h after water load during the injection period and convalescent period and detect the contents of ALD,ADH,ANP in blood and K ＋ ,Na ＋ ,CL-in urine,and examine the renal pathomorphology. Results Compared with the control group,the total volume of urine during 24 h was increased,incubation period shortened and the frequency of urination increased within 6 h after water load（ P〈0. 05,P〈0. 01）. The concentration of Na ^＋ ,CL^-,ANP was increased and the ADH,ALD,K ＋ decreased（P〈0. 05,P〈0. 01）. At the same time,some renal histological changes were observed in the aging models. Conclusion The D-galactose-induced aging rat models have characteristics of polyuria. The mechanism of their polyuria is related with decreased ADH and ALD synthesis and secretion,increased ANP increase,and sclerotic alterations of the kidneys.