Structural Variants Selected during Yak Domestication Inferred from Long-Read Whole-Genome Sequencing |
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| Authors: | Shangzhe Zhang Wenyu Liu Xinfeng Liu Xin Du Ke Zhang Yang Zhang Yongwu Song Yunnan Zi Qiang Qiu Johannes A Lenstra Jianquan Liu |
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| Institution: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystem, Institute of Innovation Ecology and School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;2.The Supercomputing Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;3.Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Gangcha County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China;4.Animal Husbandry Workstation of Xiahe County, Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China;5.Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Structural variants (SVs) represent an important genetic resource for both natural and artificial selection. Here we present a chromosome-scale reference genome for domestic yak (Bos grunniens) that has longer contigs and scaffolds (N50 44.72 and 114.39 Mb, respectively) than reported for any other ruminant genome. We further obtained long-read resequencing data for 6 wild and 23 domestic yaks and constructed a genetic SV map of 372,220 SVs that covers the geographic range of the yaks. The majority of the SVs contains repetitive sequences and several are in or near genes. By comparing SVs in domestic and wild yaks, we identified genes that are predominantly related to the nervous system, behavior, immunity, and reproduction and may have been targeted by artificial selection during yak domestication. These findings provide new insights in the domestication of animals living at high altitude and highlight the importance of SVs in animal domestication. |
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| Keywords: | Bos grunniens reference genome domestication structural variants |
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