Autocrine motility factor stimulates the invasiveness of malignant cells as well as up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-3 expression via a MAPK pathway

The autocrine motility factor (AMF) is a multifunctional protein that is involved in tumor progression including enhanced invasiveness via induction of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3). The increase in MMP3 was found in an AMF-high production tumor cell line, and c-Jun, c-Fos and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were also highly phosphorylated compared with the parent line. AMF stimulation induced the rapid phosphorylation of the cellular MAPK cascade and MMP3 secretion, which was blocked using a specific MAPK inhibitor. Results of this study suggest that AMF stimulation stimulates MMP3 expression via a MAPK signaling pathway.