HIV-1中和抗体和基于抗体的疫苗设计

研制一种安全有效并能广泛使用的HIV疫苗对于预防和控制HIV的流行具有重要的意义。尽管人类在HIV-1病原学和免疫学方面的认识不断取得新的进步,对于HIV-1而言,普遍认为诱导保护性中和抗体的科学障碍很难逾越。在抗击HIV-1的感染中传统的疫苗策略不能提供保护。然而,近来的研究揭示在小部分HIV-1感染病人的血清中存在的某些抗体能够中和大多数的HIV-1毒株,对这些血清抗体的深入分析有助于人们揭示抗体识别的病毒表位,这些研究表明自然产生的能够中和HIV-1的中和抗体的发现可能引导未来疫苗设计的思路。高分辨率的结构信息将揭示Env 和中和抗体(Nab)结合区原子水平的结构,这些信息能够帮助设计更好的免疫原。

Neutralizing Antibodies and Antibody-based HIV-1 Vaccine Design

The development of a safe and effective human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) vaccine is a critically important global health priority. Despite recent advances in our understanding of HIV-1 pathogenesis and immunology, For HIV-1, obstacles to eliciting protective neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) have often seemed insurmountable. Traditional vaccine strategies will not provide protection against HIV-1. However, recent studies show that antibodies in the sera of some HIV-1–infected individuals can neutralize diverse HIV-1 isolates. Detailed analyses of these sera provide new insights into the viral epitopes targeted by broadly reactive NAbs. The findings suggest that the natural NAb response to HIV-1 can inform future vaccine design. High-resolution structural information can reveal the atomic level architecture of the region of env bound to a Nab, and this information can be used to design better immunogens.