云南秋海棠属植物有性杂交特性

通过云南秋海棠属植物属下5个系统分类组的种类及外来园艺品种共109个组合的有性杂交试验,以系统分类组合、园艺分类组合(不同茎的形态类型组合)分别进行方差分析。结果表明:云南秋海棠属植物属下等级的系统分类组内、组间的有性杂交,以及不同茎的形态类型的有性杂交均无显著差异,亲和力较强而可育性高,可在云南秋海棠属植物属内进行广泛地远缘杂交; 云南产秋海棠属植物原种与外来园艺品种间的有性杂交亲和性弱而可育性低,需选择花粉粒和胚囊正常发育的外来园艺品种大量杂交,并采用切实可行的技术措施克服远缘杂交不育,以期培育新颖奇特的秋海棠属植物新品种。

Property of sexual hybridization plants of Begonia in Yunnan

We conducted cross-breeding experiments of 109 combinations,five sections of phylogenetic classification species of Begonia in Yunnan and overseas cultivar Begonia. Variance analysis of sexual hybridization of all the combinations was conducted. The results showed that sexual hybridization of in section,among section and different morphotypes of Yunnan Begonia stems did not show significant deviation. However,avidity and fertility of these Begonias were high and sexual hybridization between Yunnan Begonia and cultivars from overseas avidity and fertility was lower. This meaned that when trying to create new hybrid species between Yunnan Begonia and overseas cultivars,it was suggested to choose cultivars whose pollen grain and embryonic sac were normally developed,to conduct hybrid work. The results also highlighted the necessity of introducing feasible technology on distant hybridization. Thus,it is well expected to create new cultivars for Begonia.