Expression of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH)2 and RALDH3 but not RALDH1 in the developing anterior pituitary glands of rats |
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Authors: | Ken Fujiwara Fumihiko Maekawa Motoshi Kikuchi Shu Takigami Toshihiko Yada Takashi Yashiro |
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Institution: | (1) Division of Histology and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan;(2) Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan |
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Abstract: | Retinoic acid (RA) plays an important role in cell growth and tissue development and is also a regulating factor of pituitary
function. However, whether RA is generated in the pituitary gland and plays a role as a paracrine and/or autocrine hormone
is generally unknown. RA is synthesized from retinoids through oxidation processes. Dehydrogenases catalyzing the oxidation
of retinal to RA are members of the retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) family. In this study, we examined the expression
of RALDH1, RALDH2, and RALDH3 mRNA in the rat embryonic pituitary gland. By in situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labeled
cRNA probes, we detected mRNA expression for RALDH2 and RALDH3, but not RALDH1. The expression of RALDH2 and RALDH3 was located
in Rathke’s pouch at embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) and subsequently in the developing anterior pituitary gland. We also used
quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to analyze RALDH2 and RALDH3 mRNA expression levels during the development
of the pituitary gland. We found that pituitary RALDH2 and RALDH3 mRNA levels were high at E17.5 and decreased markedly after
birth. Our study is the first to show that RALDH2 and RALDH3, but not RALDH1, are expressed in the embryonic anterior pituitary
gland of the rat. |
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Keywords: | Aanterior pituitary gland Retinoic acid RALDH Development In situ hybridization Rat (Wistar) |
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