黄土高原陕北丘陵沟壑区不同立地条件下刺槐水分生理生态特性研究

对黄土高原丘陵沟壑区不同立地条件下刺槐水分生理生态特性进行了初步研究.结果表明,不同立地刺槐林地0～500cm土壤平均含水量(2003年)分别为阳坡6.96%、半阳坡7.62%、半阴坡8.06%、阴坡8.87%,阴坡、半阴坡与阳坡差异达极显著,与半阳坡达显著水平,半阳坡与阳坡差异显著,而阴坡与半阴坡差异不显著.不同立地条件下刺槐叶片相对含水量和饱和亏与各立地土壤含水量关系密切,阳坡刺槐叶片相对含水量和叶水势始终维持在较低水平,而半阴坡和阴坡尤其是阴坡维持在较高水平.刺槐日蒸腾平均值大小顺序为阴坡(4.07μg·cm^-2·s^-1)＞半阴坡(3.89μg·cm^-2·s^-1)＞半阳坡(3.05 μg·cm^-2·s^-1)＞阳坡(2.70μg·cm^-2·s^-1),各立地刺槐蒸腾出现较大差异的时间在11:00和13:00.不同立地条件除阳坡外其刺槐蒸腾速率均与光照强度显著相关,各立地均与大气相对湿度显著相关,与土壤水分密切相关.阴坡生物量最高(8.50gk·株^-1),高于其他3种立地,阳坡最低(5.79kg·株^-1).

Characteristics of Robinia pseudoacacia water physiological ecology under different habitats in North Shaanxi gully areas of Loess Plateau

With locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), the main tree species in afforestation, as test material, this paper studied the characteristics of its water physiological ecology and productivity under four habitats, i. e. , sunny, shady, semi-sunny and semi-shady hillsides, in the North Shaanxi gully areas of Loess Plateau. The mean water content in 0 - 500 cm soil layer was 8.87% (shady), 8.06% (semi-shady), 7.62% (semi-sunny), and 6.96% (sunny), respectively. There was a significant discrepancy between shady, semi-shady, semi-sunny and sunnyhilisides (a 0.01), and the difference between shady, semi-shady and semi-sunny, as well as between semi-sunny and sunny hillsides was also significant (a 0.05) . Remarkable relationships were found between leaf RWC, locus WSD and soil water content (SWC) . The leaf RWC and locust water potential under sunny hillside were lower, but those under shady hillside were higher. The daily mean transpiration was in order of shady (4.07 microg x cm(-2) x s(-1)) > semi-shady (3.89 microg x cm(-2) x s(-1)) > semi-sunny (3.05 microg x cm(-2) x s(-1)) > sunny (2.70 microg x cm(-2)s(-1)) hillside. The remarkable difference of transpiration appeared at 11:00 and 13:00, and there existed a remarkable relationship between transpiration and light intensity, RH and soil water content. All of these resulted in a diversity of locust biomass under different habitats, the highest under shady hillside, and the lowest under sunny hillside, and the differences between different habitats were all significant. It could be concluded that soil water content was the main factor affecting locust growth.