The Neotropical genus Stibadocerina Alexander and its phylogenetic relationship to other Stibadocerinae genera: further evidence of an ancestral trans‐Pacific biota (Diptera: Cylindrotomidae)

Abstract Stibadocerina Alexander, a monotypic genus, includes the only known Neotropical species of the family Cylindrotomidae, S. chilensis Alexander, 1929 , from South Central Chile (ca. 36°50′S–42°17′S). In this paper, Stibadocerina chilensis is redescribed and illustrated in detail. A study of wing‐vein homology in the subfamily Stibadocerinae is provided, to identify the components of the reduced radial sector in Stibadocerina and related taxa. The proposed hypotheses of wing‐vein homology are tested, and the systematic position of Stibadocerina is assessed through a cladistic analysis of 13 characters of the male imago, scored for exemplar species of the four genera included in the Stibadocerinae. A single most parsimonious tree supports the monophyly of the Stibadocerinae and the following relationships among its included genera: Stibadocerodes Stibadocera (Stibadocerella +Stibadocerina)]. The subfamily includes one example of a vicariant distribution with a sister‐group relationship between South Central Chilean and East Asian taxa, and supports a biogeographical interpretation of an ancestral trans‐Pacific biota.