High prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection caused by C. scrofarum and C. suis among pigs in Thailand |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Food and Environmental Virology, National Veterinary Research Institute, al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland;2. Laboratory of DNA Sequencing and Oligonucleotide Synthesis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, PR China;3. College of Life Science, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Shuangyang, Jilin Province, 130600, PR China;4. College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Cryptosporidium spp. is an important intestinal protozoan causing diarrhea among both healthy and immunocompromised patients especially those with HIV/AIDS. Cryptosporidium spp. can be transmitted via foodborne, waterborne and person-to-person routes. In addition, several Cryptosporidium species are zoonotic. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection among pigs raised in both smallholder (<50 heads/farm) and large scale farms (50–500 heads/farm) in Chonburi Province, eastern Thailand using nested PCR amplifying the small subunit of the ribosomal RNA (SSU-rRNA) gene. DNA sequencing was also performed to identify the species of Cryptosporidium. A total of 245 fecal samples were collected from 11 pig farms. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection was 20.8% (51/245) which were found in both smallholder and small large scale pig farms. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection among pigs aged ≤6 months was significantly higher than those aged >6 months (p < .001). Among 51 Cryptosporidium positive samples, Cryptosporidium scrofarum (42/51, 82.4%) and Cryptosporidium suis (9/51, 17.6%) were identified. The prevalence of C. scrofarum infection observed among pigs aged ≤6 months was significantly higher when compared with those aged >6 months (20.7% and 2.1%, respectively, p < .001). The high prevalence of C. scrofarum and C. suis infections among pigs could be a potential source of infection to humans. |
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