Simultaneous amylase production,raw cassava starch hydrolysis and ethanol production by immobilized Aspergillus awamori and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a novel alternating liquid phase–air phase system |
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| Institution: | 1. Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan;2. Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria;1. National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan;2. Dr. M.A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan;1. Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil;2. Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBr), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil;3. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil;4. Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;5. Department of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil;1. Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China;2. Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China;3. Zhoushan Institute for Food and Drug Control, Zhoushan, 316000, China |
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| Abstract: | As a solution to the problems of mass transfer limitation in submerged cultures and scale up of solid-state/liquid-surface cultures, an alternating liquid phase–air phase bioreactor was developed. It consisted of a bioreactor equipped with a siphon system and a reservoir. Aspergillus awamori was immobilized in loofa sponge inside the bioreactor and culture broth was pumped from the reservoir into the bioreactor. Each time the culture broth level reached a critical level, the broth automatically siphoned back into the reservoir. Thus the immobilized cells were alternatingly submerged and exposed to air. The duration of each phase was controlled by the pumping rate and with an on-off timer. During amylase production from soluble starch and raw cassava starch, the optima ratios of the liquid to air phases were 12 h : 12 h and 3 h : 6 h respectively. Saccharomyces cerevisiae IR2 was immobilized in the reservoir and the system was used for simultaneous amylase production, hydrolysis and ethanol production from raw cassava starch. The process was very stable for more than 7 batches with high ethanol yield of 0.46 g-ethanol/g-starch and productivity of 1.73 g-ethanol/L/h. These values are high, the system can be scaled up, and thus it has many potential applications. |
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| Keywords: | Raw cassava starch Ethanol production Submerged culture Amylase production Liquid surface culture Cell immobilization |
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